The XXth century for the USA

ХХ century

USA joined the war

The League of Nations

Wall Street Crash (Black Tuesday 1929)

The economy hit the bottom (winter 1932-33)

The United Nations

Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki (6&9 August 1945); Truman - president

The Zimmermann Telegram (made America join the war)

The Bolshevik Revolution in Russia (America was strongly against)

thousands of unemployed ex -servicemen poured into Washington ("bonus army")

Neutrality Acts (against selling military equipment or lending money to countries at war)

The attack on Pearl Habor (military strike by Japan upon the US Honolulu, Hawaii; made America enter the war)

The Manhattan Project (on atomic bomb)

Truman (1945-53) The Truman Doctrine, 1947 - to support the Greek Government against the Communists

Eisenhower (1953-61)

John F. Kennedy (1961-63)

"Witch hunt" (search for people who supposed threats to the US)

Lend Lease Plan (by Roosevelt; the right to supply military equipment & goods to other countries without payment)

The Civil Rights Act (by Kennedy; to improve blacks' position)

Lyndon B. Johnson (1963-69)

Richard Nixon (1969-74)

The Watergate Affair (1972-74; made Nixon resign)

Nixon announced the suspension of all offensive actions against North Vietnam, officially ending direct U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War

Gerald Ford (1974-77)

Jimmy Carter (1977-81)

1970s - inflation due to the oil-prises

Ronald Reagan (1980-89)

A case Brown VS Topeka => segregated schools were illegal

Rosa Parks was arrested; started a campaign to end segregation on buses Martin Luther King - then was killed in 1968 NAACP (The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)

The Supreme Court declared that segregation on public buses was unconstitutional

Black ghetto in LA (The Watts riot)

Jesse Jackson announced his candidacy for the 1988 election He was a spokesman for Luther's idea

1960s - Black Americans began take pride in their African ancestry

The NATO (the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation)

The Americans tested the 1st hydrogen or H-bomb

The Dulles's promise to protect Eastern Europe from communism

"brinkmanship" - dealt between USA & USSR

The USSR sent the Sputnik (1st earth satellite) into space

Apollo 11 was the spaceflight that first landed humans on the Moon (Neil Armstrong)

The Berlin Wall was tore down

Eisenhower agreed to give weapons & ships to refugees from Cuba who wanted to overthrow Castro

The OAS (the organization of American states) to make Latin America to cooperate with one another & with the USA

The Alliance of Progress (by Kennedy) to improve life in Latin America with supplying money

The Reed-Johnson Immigration Act to limit immigration by giving quotas to countries

Henry Ford combined standartisation & the assembly line

Theodore Roosevelt (1901-09)

Coal miners' strikes Roosevelt made mine owners negotiate with their workers ("square deal")

Woodrow Wilson (1913-21) "The New Freedom" - series of laws: to encourage trade with other countries, taxes on high incomes, gave more rights to trade unions

The Progressive Laws (forbade to employ children, introduced secret voting, improved safety at work

Herbert Hoover (1929-33)

Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1933-45)

WWI

WWII

Roaring Years (1920s)

The Great Depression (1929-late 30s)

Civil Rights Era

The years of Prosperity

The Vietnam War (1955-75)

The Civil Rights Movement

The Marshall Plan (to give countries the goods they needed)

The Occupation of Korea

Nicaragua was occupied by American troops