Events
The Sumerians believed in 7 major gods and
goddesses, An(sky), Enlil(air),
Enki(water and wisdom),Utu(sun), Ki(Earth),
Nannar(moon), and Inanna( love and protection)
The photo on the left shows Enki.Hammurabi created the first set of laws, called
the Code of Hammurabi, which contained
282 laws that were carved on stone pillars. The
picture on the left shows some laws.They fell 100 years after Sargon's death.Nebuchadnezzar rebuilt the
HangingGardens in his palace.The Persians
respected
different
beliefs and
customs.The Assyrians developed advanced
weaponry, including the siege engine.Invented purple dye(1570 BCE).
It was extracted from murex shellfish.They controlled a narrow strip of land
with many cities, which were governed
separately.Neglected farming, focused
more on war.Sargon expanded his powerful army
and conquered other city-states. He
united them, creating the first empire.
The image shows the empire.He won control over all of
Mesopotamia and turned
Babylon into an important
trade center.The first of eight cities was Uruk
which had 2 temples, dedicated
to An(sky), and Inanna(love and
protection)Invented first alphabet(1000 BCE).They were peaceful cattle herders, until
they were conquered by warriors from
Mesopotamia. Cyrus, their general,
was furious and fought back. The
picture shows Cyrus.They were known for their cruelty
over the people they captured.
They used the captured citizens
as slave labor.The Assyrians build a library
in Nineveh, which contained
tablets in math and science.Many people believed that
the Phoenicians traveled all
the way to Great Britain and Spain.The Chaldeans gained control
over Babylonia after a series
of very bloody battles.The Persians divided their
kingdom into different
provinces. They created
good roads to make rapid
communication.The first of eight cities
to develop was Uruk.Akkadian became the common language for
Mesopotamia. Sumerian language was used
only for religious reasons.Shortly after Hammurabi's death,
Babylon fell to others.Periods
Sumerians (3000-2004 BCE)Akkadians (2330-2100 BCE)Babylonians (1800-1500 BCE)Assyrians (1100-612 BCE)Chaldeans (612-539 BCE)Persians (550-333 BCE)Phoenicians (3000-50 BCE)
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