Arabic Expansion - Timeline

Mu'awiya is the chosen 5th caliph. He decides to move the capital to Damascus and starts to improve the empire's administration

Massacre in Karabala where Yazid's general attacks Hussein and the people he was traveling with to the city of Kufa

Yazid's son, Abd al-Malik conjoins Muslim lands into an empire.

The Dome of the Rock is built in Jerusalem

The Battle of Tours halts the expansion of Umayyad into Europe by the Frankish forces and their leader Charles Martel

The Abbasids, a rising group, took down the Umayyads and killed many of the Umayyad people so that they wouldn't come back. They took over a lot of Muslim lands.

The Abbasids move capital to Baghdad

The Battle of Talas was due to the espansion the Abbasids were making to the east, which was problematic to the Chinese

Caliphs founded centers of study in between 813-833

Al Khwarizmi adopts Hindu numerals and creates the numbering system that is used today

Seljuq Turkmen takes control of Baghdad

The first crusade happened because of the Seljiq expanding, thus defeating Byzantines and gaining control of Jerusalem.

Crusades end, but trade rises between east and west.

With scientific and technological advances, Ibn Sina writes the "Canon of Medicine" an encyclopedia.

The Shahnameh is published, a book about the mythologized history of Persian kings.

12TH CENTURY other stories such as "A Thousand and One Nights" are produced in Arabic

Mongol invasion reaches Mesopotamia, which puts a pause to all of the advances there was being

Abd-al-Rahman being the only survivor of the Umayyad dynasty establishes a capital in the city of Cordoba

Abd-al-Rahman begins building the Great Mosque of Cordoba.

Abd-al-Rahman takes advantage of the religious issues and he takes the title of a caliph

Umayyads succeeded by other Muslim dynasties that lasts until 1492

Ibn Rushd (1126-1198) translated aristotle, and write about medicine, philosophy, & physics

Moses Maimonides was a doctor, rabbi, and philosopher. Lived in Spain and N. Africa. Died in Egypt (1204)

14TH CENTURY Architectural achievements was the Alhambra. Begun in the 11th century, but completed in the 14 century