Events
Jerusalem Becomes The Capital Under King DavidThe North of Israel Is Captured by AssyriaReturn To Zion Under CyrusAlexander The GreatHasmonean Revolt against the Greek EmpireSiege Of JerusalemThe Exodus From EgpytHebrews fled from the famine in
Canaan and entered Egypt, as the
population of Hebrews in Egypt grew,
the pharaoh got more upset fearing
an uprising, so he had enslaved them.
After many plagues, Pharaoh finally lets
Moses's people go and the Israelite leave
Egypt.King David captured Jerusalem from the Jebusites
and established the capital of his kingdom there.
The city remained as the capital of the kingdom
for 400 years, until its first destruction at the
hands of the Babylonians in 586/7 BCE.
This era is known as the First Temple period.Israel continued to exist within the reduced
territory as an independent kingdom until
around 720 BCE, when it was again invaded by
Assyria and the rest of the population deported.
The Bible relates that the population of Israel was
exiled, becoming known as the Ten Lost TribesThe Jews in Babylon were allowed to return to
the Land of Israel,due to Cyrus's decree.
Initially, around 50,000 Jews made aliyah to the
land of Israel following the decree of Cyrus as
described in Ezra, whereas most remained in
Babylon.
Later, an unknown number of exiles returned
from Babylon with Ezra himself. The return of
the deportees to Judah during the next 110
years is known as the return to Zion,
an event that Jews ever since have been
inspired by.After two centuries of serving as a vassal state to
Persia, Judah suddenly found itself the vassal
state of Macedonia, a Greek state. Alexander the
Great had conquered Persia and had, in doing so,
conquered most of the world. For most of the
world belonged to Persia; in a blink of an eye, it
now fell to the Greeks.Antiochus IV issued his decrees forbidding Jewish
religious practice, a rural Jewish priest from
Modiin, Mattathias the Hasmonean, sparked the
revolt against the Seleucid Empire by refusing to
worship the Greek gods.The Roman Empire, lead by future Emperor Titus,
besieged and conquered the city of Jerusalem,
which had been controlled by Judean rebel
factions since 66 CE, The siege ended on August
30th, 70 AD with the burning and destruction of
the second temple.
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