Cold War : Korean War
Category: Other
Updated: 22 Oct 2018
Contributors
Created byLai Shu Xian
Attachments
Events
Cairo DeclarationDefeat of JapanStalin agreed that once
Japan was defeated,
there should be a
trusteeship between
superpowers.Britain, US and Nationalist
China promised to form a
free, independent Korea.US proposed an initial
division of Korea peninsular
at the 38th parallel.Moscow Conference of
Foreign MinistersBoth US and USSR ignored
Korea claims to gain indep.
Both agreed to advise Korea
to form a democratic govt.Election in North
and South KoreaInterference of United
Nations General Assembly,
UN were not allowed to
enter North KoreaFormation of DPRK and ROKKim Il Sung met Stalin
complaining about South
Koreans.Stalin urged Kim to
"strike the southerners
in the teeth"Withdrawal of Soviet troops
from North KoreaSoviet continued to supply
North Korea with ammunition
and weapon supplies,
far more generously than it
supplied to CCP.Withdrawal of US troops
from South KoreaAgreed by Truman and Acheson
as they believed stationing troops
in South Korea is a wasteful expense.Kim sent well-equipped guerrilla
groups across the frontiers
to establish bases.Guerilla operations failed,
Kim believed that major invasion
is needed.Stalin was cautious, making
final approval of North Koreans
attack dependent on Mao.Kim talks with Mao.
Mao gave consent on
North Korean attack as China
thinks US would not
intervene, and was
persuaded that USSR
was enthusiastic.Outbreak of Korea War,
North Korea attacked
South Korea.America Secretary of State
Dean Acheson declared
US would not guarantee
Asia against any military
assault.US appealed to UN
Security Council to
authorize a military force
to put an end to the warUS and other capable Commonwealth
Countries like England and France
agreed to support the UN, ordered
immediate military intervention.USSR did not protest the
decision as it was boycotting
UN for not recognizing CHN
as UN member.US sent Navy's 7th
Fleet to patrol the Taiwan
Straits to prevent Taiwan
or PRC having any military
confrontation.US Navy in Taiwan
Straits and US increased military
aid to Phillipines raised Mao's
suspicions.
Mao established the Northeast
Border Defence Army, Stalin
supplemented this force.North Korea had captured 90%
of Korea, but pushed back by UN
and US troops from Pusan.UN forces crossed the 38th
Parallel and advanced to Korea's
border with PRC's Manchuria.Kim sent a urgent request for
Stalin for help, but USSR was
reluctant to intervene.
USSR urged PRC to help.
PRC leaders were not willing
to step in until USSR committed.PRC entry into Korean War.
UN troops pushed back to
the 38th parallel.US hinted that they
might use the atomic
bomb, but soon was
dissuaded.India's cease fire proposal.
Proposal suggested PRC
stopped advance at the
38th parallel and ceasefire
on both sides.US in dilemma.
Supporting the proposal
will suggest a soft communist
stance, which Congress and
US press opposed.
Rejecting proposal means
losing support in UN.Mao's PRC determined to
continue the war.
He wants to crush
"American imperialism".
Captured Seoul in 1951.Eisenhower became US new
president.
Determined to end the war.Fighting has stabilized between
US and China. Peace negotiations
conducted.Stalin died.
New Soviet leadership.
Cut military budgets.All sides agreed on an armistice
with the division of Korea
along 38th parallel.Soviets successfully tested
the atomic bomb.Official beginning of
People Republic of China.US dropped atomic bombs
in Nagasaki and Hiroshima.
USSR began invasion in Manchuria.Moscow Conference
Allied Council in Japan
(US, UK, USSR, Nationalist China)
however General McArt
has dominate control over
all policies.Japan Treaty of Peace
1. termination of military occup.
2. Japan not to claim any territory
3. Japan's compensation to civilians
4. Japan pays reparationsSino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship
1. USSR recognized Chiang as Chn
leader
2. Not assist CCP against KMTSoviet offering assistance
to CCP in Manchuria
Chiang reported the violation
of USSR to US.US patrolled the sea off Port Arthur,
which was under USSR occupation.CCP suspended the occupation of
Northeastern China.The Marshall Mission
US tried to mediate between
Mao and Chiang to form
coalition govt but failed.US diplomats urged for
more military aid to KMT
Truman and Marshall rejected,
saying it is too expensive and
could result to war with USSR.Sino-Soviet Pact
(PRC + USSR)
1. cooperate in terms of defense
2. peace treaty with Japan
3. Not threaten each other
4. Consult on mutual interests
*John Gaddis compared this to
NATOPublishing of NSC 68
asked US of increased
military spending to contain
communism.McCarthyism intensified
Senator McCarthy claimed
to have 205 communists who
worked for the US Department
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