Events
Norse explorer Leif Ericsson leads a Viking expidition to Iceland and sees unfimiliar land later he returns to formally explore this new worldIroquois confederacy crates their own constitution known as Great Binding Law. This is stilll in effect todayThe First Nations on Canada's west coast established a large trading network.John Cabot, an italian explorer reaches land near Labrador and claims this new land for Henry VII, King of EnglandFrench explorer Jacques Cartier set sail searching for a passage to Asia, but instead arrives in the eastern part of what is now Quebec. he marks the land with a cross, and claims it for the King of France.European settlers form France arrive on the east coast of Canada. The settlement of Acadia is established. It will be a rich source of agriculture and fisherySamuel de Champlain, a French citizen, establishes a new French settlement named new france in Quebec city.While searching for a route between Europe and Asia called the North West Passage, English explorer Henry Hudson finds a new area now called Hudson Bay.Montreal is established by Paul de Chomedey, sieur de Maisonneuve. He is a French military official.The Irquois people attack the Huron villages around the Great Lakes. The villages were destroyed in the attacks. Many Huron people were killed in this attack.The Hudson's Bay Company is officially formed. This company will control almost all of the trading that occurs anywhere in the Hudson's Bay watershed for 200 years.Under the Treaty of Utrecht, France agrees that Britain has control over the Hudson's Bay area, Acadia and Newfoundland.Halifax, Nova Scotia is officially established with Britain settlers. The area was still important to French speaking settlers called the Acadians.The newspaper arrives in Canada from New England. The Halifax Gazette is published making it Canada's first newspaper.The expulsion of the Acadians by the British from their homeland occurs. This occurred because they will not swear an oath to the British crown.The Seven Years War begins between the British and the French.The Battle of the Plains of Abraham occurs. Quebec City is captured by the British led by General James Wolfe.The Seven Years War ends with the Treaty of Paris. Britan gains control and ownership of the remaining French colonies in New France.The Quebec Act is passed by the British Parliament. This act outlines the new legal system which combines the French civil law and British criminal law. Religious freedom for Roman Catholics is established.United Empire Loyalists start arriving in Canada fleeing the American Revolution.Captain James Cook arrives on the west coast of Vancouver Island during one of his explorations on the sea.The Northwest Company is established. They provide competition for the Hudson's Bay Company in the fur trade in what will become western Canada.Upper and Lower Canada are established. The capital city in Upper Canada was Newark then moved to Toronto and the capital city of Lower Canada was Quebec City.General Isaac Brock dies in the battle of Queenston Heights during the War of 1812.Laura Secord warms the British forces of an impending miliary attack by the Americans.The War of 1812 ends with the Treaty of Ghent.The Hudson's Bay Company and North West Company amalgamate into one company.Rebellions break out in Upper Canada led by William Lyon MacKenzie and Lower Canada led by Louis Joseph Papineau.The Durham Report is released. Several important recommendations emerge from the report leading to the union of Upper and Lower Canada into one colony named the Province of Canada.Lord Durham is sent to Upper and Lower Canada to report back to the British Crown the reasons behind the rebellions.John A. MacDonald is elected to the Legislative Assembly of Canada to represent Kingston, Ontario.Queen Victoria make Ottawa the new capital of the Province of Canada. Ottawa was selected because of the distance from the American border, its proximity to the border of Canada east and west and its excellent water transportation routes.Periods
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