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Black powder, or gunpowder, is believed to have originated
in China around the 11th century C.E. It is unknown who first invented
black powder. It was originally used in fireworks and signals.In the 1300s, cannons, utilizing black powder as a means of propelling a cannonball
long distances, became popular in Europe. Cannons became an important part of
European warfare. They changed to this for long range explosives.In 1831, William Bickford invented the safety fuse, which
consisted of yarn woven over gunpowder, then coated in
tar to waterproof the fuse. They made the safety fuse to
make explosives safer.In 1846, Italian chemist Ascanio Sobrero discovered nitroglycerin, a colorless,
oily liquid. He found out that it was highly explosive and initially warned
not to use as a explosive.In 1863, German chemist Julius Wilbrand discovered TNT,
or trinitrotoluene. It was first used as a yellow dye as it was difficult to detonate
and was less powerful than alternatives.In 1865, Alfred Nobel invented the
blasting cap, which was a safer means
of detonating nitroglycerin.In 1867, Alfred Nobel patented dynamite,
which consisted of an absorbent material
soaked in nitroglycerin and wrapped in paper.The discovery of the splitting of the atom lead to an initiative to develop
a highly destructive nuclear weapon. The first successful prototype of
said weapon was conclusively tested in the USA at this time. They changed to this for a bigger explosion for defense or attack.Nitroglycerin was created: this is a highly explosive compound formed by nitrating cellulose.
It is often used as a propellant or low-grade explosive.These simple, hand-thrown weapons had been invented hundreds of years before, but had not been widely used since the
Napoleonic era. Reinvented by the requirements of trench warfare, the first grenades in 1914
were often hand-made, consisting of old cans filled with nails and bits of metal
and packed with gunpowder.The first plastic explosive was gelignite, invented by Alfred Nobel in 1875.
Before World War I, the British explosives chemist Oswald Silberrad obtained
British and U.S. owned items for a series of plastic explosives called "Nitrols",
composed of nitrated aromatics, collocation, and oxidizing inorganic salts.Mustard gas was first used effectively in World War 1 by the German army against the
British and Canadian soldiers near Ypres, Belgium, in 1917. Used this for
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