Events
-Adolf Hitler appointed Chancellor of Germany (Jan 30)
-Public burning of books written by Jews, political dissidents, and others not approved by the state (May 10)- "Nuremberg Laws": anti-Jewish racial laws enacted; Jews no longer considered German citizens; Jews could not marry Aryans; nor could they fly the German flag (Sep 15)
-Germany defines a "Jew": anyone with three Jewish grandparents; someone with two Jewish grandparents who identifies as a Jew (Nov 15)The traveling exbition promoted stereotypes of Jews and Nazi perceptions of their danger in the world.First mass arrest of Jewish people (1,000)Following request by Swiss authorities, Germans mark all Jewish passports with a large letter "J" to restrict Jews from immigrating to SwitzerlandHiltere approves T4 killing programGermany invades the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, and FranceGermany invades the Soviet UnionDeportation of Jews from Germany, Greece and Norway to killing centers; Jewish partisan movement organized in forests near LublinJapan surrenders; end of World War IIBeginning of death march of approximately 40,000 Jews from Budapest to AustriaRescue of the Danish Jewry-Membership in the German Labor Front becomes mandatory
-Hitler is named Führer(leader)
-SS chief Himmler creates the Inspectorate of concentration camps under the leadership of SS General Theodor Eicke.September 1: Germany invades Poland, initiating World War II.
September 3: Britain and France declare war on Germany.
September 17: Soviet Union invades Poland from the east.
Later in the year: The "Phoney War" period begins with limited military action on the Western Front.April-June: Germany conquers Denmark, Norway, Belgium, Netherlands, and France in a series of swift offensives ("Blitzkrieg").
May: Winston Churchill becomes Prime Minister of Britain.
June: Italy enters the war on the side of the Axis powers.
July-October: The Battle of Britain: Germany bombs Britain in an attempt to gain air superiority before invasion, but the British Royal Air Force successfully defends the country.1941:
June 22: Germany invades the Soviet Union in Operation Barbarossa.
December 7: Japan attacks Pearl Harbor, drawing the United States into the war.
December 8: The US declares war on Japan, and Germany declares war on the US.Mid-1942:
The tide begins to turn against the Axis powers in the Pacific and North Africa.
June 4-7:
The Battle of Midway: A crucial naval battle in the Pacific, where the US decisively defeats the Japanese navy.
August-February 1943:
The Battle of Stalingrad, a major turning point on the Eastern Front, ends with a Soviet victory.July 10: Allied forces land on Sicily, beginning the Italian Campaign.
September 3: Italy surrenders to the Allies.
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