AP Euro
Category: Altro
è stato aggiornato: 7 mar 2019
These are the events that have been discussed or alluded to throughout the year in AP European History.
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Created byEmma Chase
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Eventi
Medici rule established in Florence by Cosimo de MediciDias reaches Cape of Good HopeColumbus reaches San SalvadorCharles VIII of France invades ItalyDa Gama rounds Cape of Good HopeLouis XII invades MilanMachiavelli writes The PrinceFrancis I of France invades Italy95 ThesesDiet of WormsCortes completes his conquest of MexicoDiet of SpeyerSack of Rome by imperial soldiersMarburg ColloquyDiet of AugsburgSchmalkaldic LeagueThe English clergy (Convocation) recognizes
Henry as head of the Church in EnglandSubmission of the ClergyThomas Cranmer, as Archbishop, leads
the Convocation in invalidating the
marriage to CatherineParliament ends all payments to Rome
and gives Henry sole authority over high
ecclesiastical appointmentsAct of SupremacyAct of SuccessionExecution of Thomas More and Bishop John FisherCalvin's Institutes of the Christian ReligionCalvin expelled from Geneva by city councilSchmalkaldic ArticlesCalvin welcomed back to GenevaAugsburg InterimHenry VIII diesFirst Act of UniformitySecond Act of UniformityPeace of PassauPeace of AugsburgAct of SupremacyAct of UniformityHabsburg-Valois wars ended
by Treaty of Cateau-CambresisFrancis II comes to power under
the regency of his mother, Catherine
de MediciProtestant worshippers massacred at
Vassy in Chamagne by the duke of GuiseThirty-nine ArticlesCouncil of Trent AdjournedThe CompromisePeace of St. Germain-en-LayeBattle of LepantoSt. Bartholomew's Day MassacrePeace of BeaulieuSack of AntwerpPacification of GhentUnion of BrusselsPerpetual EdictUnion of ArrasDutch Declaration of IndependenceWilliam of Orange AssassinatedTreaty of NonsuchExecution of Mary, Queen of ScotsSpanish Armada DefeatedHenry III assassinatedConventicle ActHenry IV embraces CatholicismEdict of NantesTreaty of FontainebleauMichael Romanov becomes tsarPilgrims Land at PlymouthFerdinand's Edict of RestitutionPeace of AliasEnglish War with the Scots beginsShort ParliamentWestminster AssemblyCharles I put on trialDutch Receive Full IndependencePeace of WestphaliaCharles I executedThomas Hobbes’s LeviathanJansenism declared heresyPapal ban on Jansenism enforced in FranceTreaty of DoverPeter the Great, age 10, becomes tsarTurkish siege of ViennaJames II comes to powerGlorious RevolutionAct of TolerationPeter assumes personal ruleBill of RightsBattle of the BoyneJohn Locke’s Of Civil GovernmentEuropean tour of Peter the GreatPeter returns to Russia to put down
the revolt of the streltsyPeace treaty between Turks and HabsburgsThe Great Northern War opens between Russia
and Sweden; Russia defeated at Narva by
Swedish army of Charles XIISt. Petersburg foundedRussia defeats Sweden at Battle of PoltavaCharles XII of Sweden diesAleksei, son of Peter the Great, dies in prison
under mysterious circumstancesPeace of Nystad ends the Great Northern WarPeter issues the Table of RanksPeter issues the Table of RanksJohn Wesley meets up with George WhitefieldMaria Theresa succeeds to the Habsburg throneFrederick II violates the Pragmatic Sanction by invading SilesiaTreaty of UtrechtTreaty of RastattLouis XV comes to powerMississippi Bubble bursts in FrancePeter diesGin ActNational Constituent Assembly formedAssembly ends all feudal privilegesLouis driven from Versailles to the Tuileries in ParisTennis Court OathFall of BastilleGreat FearCivil Constitution of the ClergyBurke’s ReflectionsThe Consitution of 1791Declaration of PillnitzLouis XVI attempts to flee FranceLouis XVI arrestedFrance declares itself a RepublicSeptember MassacreLegislative Assembly declares war on AustriaBrunswick ManifestoFrench victory over the Prussians at ValmyExecution of Louis XVIConstitution of 1973First CoalitionLevee en masseThermidorian ReactionConstitution of the Year IIITreaty of BaselSuppression of royalist revolt by
Bonaparte on 13 VendemaireTreaty of Campo FormioCoup on 18 FructidorInvasion of Egypt; French fleet destroyed
at AbukirSecond CoalitionCoup of 19 BrumaireConstitution of the Year VIIITreaty of LunevilleTreaty of AmiensNew constitution; Napoleon made
Consul for LifeConcordat with the Catholic ChurchOrganic ArticlesBritain declares war on FranceNapoleon becomes emperorNapoleonic CodeFrench fleet defeated at TrafalgarFrench defeat Austrians and Russians at AusterlitzPrussia declares war on FranceNapoleon exiled on ElbaNapoleon exiled to St. HelenaLenin and Bolsheviks seize control of
Russian governmentParis Peace Conference begins
(Treaty of Versailles)John Maynard Keynes publishes his
critique of the Versailles TreatyWoodrow Wilson suffers a debilitating strokeArmed resistance led by anti-Bolshevik
officers (White Russians) endsKronstadt mutiny, aimed at protesting
Lenin's government, beginsFrench and German troops occupy the RuhrHitler sends troops to re-occupy the RhinelandItaly joins the Anti-Comintern PactItaly leaves the League of NationsGermany annexes AustriaMunich ConferenceJapanese Diet (Parliament) passes a
Military Law which places all power in
the hands of the generals and admiralsKristallnachtItaly invades AlbaniaNazis and Soviets sign their non-agression
pact (agression pact against Poland)Atomic bombs already possibleGerman troops invade Poland; Red Army
troops invade a few weeks laterFrance surrenders to GermanyNazis begin their attack on the Soviet UnionRussians begin their counter-attackJapanese bomb Pearl HarborHitler declares war on the USWannsee Conference settles the
details of the Final SolutionBig Three (Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill)
meet in Tehran, IranAllies begin their invasion of Europe in
northern FranceWorld Bank and International Monetary
Fund come into existanceSmall group of German officers
attempt to kill Hitler with a bombFirst atomic bomb testedSoviet Union enters war against JapanYalta ConferenceChurchill delivers his Iron Curtain speechTruman DoctrineMarshall PlanSoviets develop their first atomic weaponNorth Atlantic Treaty OrganizationMao controls all of mainland ChinaStalin diesKrushchev takes control of Sovet UnionTreaty of Rome creates a general common
market in most of Western EuropeCharles de Gaulle returns to power in FranceConstruction begins on Berlin WallLeonid Brezhnev takes control of Soviet UnionSix Days WarPeak of American economic dominancePeak year of America's oil productionYom Kippur WarAndropov becomes the Soviet rulerMikhail Gorbachev becomes the Soviet leaderSoviets withdrawn from AfghanistanPoland becomes the first country in the
Soviet Union to appoint a non-Communist
governmentYear of Revolution in central and eastern EuropeBerlin Wall ceases to be a barrier between
East and WestGermany re-unitedIraqi army invades and occupies KuwaitSlovenia and Croatia vote themselves non-Communist governmentsYeltsan elected president of RussiaLouis XVI summons the Estates GeneralThird Estate membership doubledDeclaration of the Rights of Man and CitizenAusterlitzContinental System establishedTreaty of TilsitWagramBattle of Leipzig (Battle of the Nations)Treaty of ChaumontWaterlooNapoleon diesBritish Public Health ActFrench Melun ActFirst Partition with PolandTreaty of Kuchuk-KainardjiRussia annexes CrimeaCharter of the NobilitySecond Partition with PolandThird Partition with PolandDeath of Catherine IIUnification of GermanyHenry IV gives Huguenots more religious freedomPetition of RightTreaty of ParisTreaty of Aix-la-ChapelleTreaty of ParisTreaty of NijmegenTreaty of Aix-la-ChapelleTreaty of RyswickLegislative Assembly formedNational Convention formedFestival of the Supreme BeingCiompi RevoltPeterlooThe CharterCarlsbad DecreesFinal ActCoercion ActsCorn Laws EnactedCongress of LaibachDecembrist RevoltHoly Alliance formedSpanish Revolution BeginsSerbian IndependenceReform Bill of 1832Napoleon invades Portugal and SpainNew King of SpainSan Martin victorious in Rio de la PlataMartín drives forces from LimaBolivar's juntaBolivar attacks VenezuelaBattle of AyacuchoProtocol of TroppeauCongress of VeronaTreaty of LondonTreaty of LondonFour OrdinancesHaitians Proclaim IndependenceHaitian IndependenceBelgian IndependenceCatholic Emancipation ActVienna UprisingMarch LawsPan-Slavic CongressRoman RepublicFrankfurt ParliamentJuly RevolutionJuly DaysJuly MonarchyJune DaysRevolution of 1848Coup d'etatPlebisciteNew Additions to ItalyNew Additions to ItalyDanish WarParis CommuneMagyar RevoltSerfdom abolished in Habsburg EmpireCompromise of 1867Serfdom abolished in RussiaEmancipation ProclamationHouse of Lords ActOrigin of SpeciesUndergroundProfessional Police ForceBritish Labor Party participates in
British electionSecond International rejects opportunismNational Insurance ActRevolution in Russia"Dover Beach"Dual Alliance formedTriple Alliance formedReinsurance TreatyFranco-Russian Alliance formedEntente Cordiale formedTreaty of San-StefanoCongress of BerlinAustria annexes BosniaRevolution in the Ottoman EmpireSecond Moroccan CrisisRusso-Turkish WarBismarck dismissedGermany begins to build
a battleship navyAlliance between Britain and France formedItaly attacks TurkeySuez Canal completedBritain gains control of
the Suez CanalFrance controls Algeria and TunisiaSpanish-American WarOpen Door Policy?Belgium takes over the CongoGerman Social Democratic PartyBritish Fabian Society foundedSecond International foundedErfurt ProgramConfederation Generle de
Travail foundedEvolutionary SocialiamBritish Labour Party foundedWhat Is to Be Done?Bolshevik-Menshevik splitRevised English Divorce LawUniversity of Zurich admits women for degreesThe Subjection of WomenUniversity of London admits women
as candidates for degreesEnglish Married Woman's Property ActUnion of German Women's
Organizations foundedNational Council of French Women foundedBritish Women's Social and Political UnionNorway permits women to vote
on national issuesBritish sufragettes adopt radical tacticsVote extended to some British womenOxford and Cambridge Universities
award degrees to womenWeimar Constitution allows German
women to voteBritain passes a law permitting
joint stock companiesFrance passes a law permitting
joint stock companiesPrussia passes a law permitting
joint stock companiesBessemer processBeginning of major economic downturnTelephoneElectric light bulbFirst electric power plant in BritainInternal combustion engineAutomobileDiesel engineWireless telgraphyAirplaneModel TSecond Reform ActDisestablishment of the Church of IrelandEducation ActIrish Land ActPurchase of army officers'
commissions abolishedReligious tests abolished at
Oxford and CambridgeSecret Ballot ActSecond Irish Land ActIrish Coercion ActThird Reform ActCouncil of ConstantineAlbert of Hohenzollern offered Archbishopric of MainzLuther becomes a monkEmperor Maximilian diesAnabaptists take over MunsterZwingli does somethingAct in Restraints of AppealsCeuta captured from the MuslimsMagellan sets sailCortes lands in MexicoPizarro sets sail for PeruPizarro kills AtahualpaTreaty of LodiPizarro sets out for PeruSystem established by Treaty of Lodi endsMedici rule re-established in FlorenceMarriage of Ferdinand and IsabellaReconquista conquers GrenadaCharles V abdicatesPublic Health ActArtisan Dwelling ActGladstone announces support
of Irish home ruleHome Rule Bill defeatedSecond Home Rule Bill defeatedThird Irish Land ActThird Irish Home Rule Bill passedProvisions of Irish Home Rule
Bill suspendedPolish rebellionReorganization of local governmentReform of judicial systemMilitary enlistment period reducedAttempted assassination of military
governor of Saint PetersburgLand and Freedom splitsAssassination of Alexander IIOctober DiplomaFebruary PatentOrdinances giving equality of language
between Germans and Czechs in AustriaUniversal suffrage introduced for AustriaHampton Court conferencePublication of King James BibleCharles I defeated at NasebyPride's PurgeTest ActPopish PlotWilliam and Mary proclaimed English monarchsActs of SettlementMary II of England diesAct of UnionFrance defeated by PrussiaPrussian occupation troops depart FranceMajor Political Institutions of
Third Republic organizedCaptain Dreyfus arrestedDreyfus's conviction set asideCavour leads Piedmont into the warTreaty of ParisAttempted assassination of Napoleon IIISecret conference between
Napoleon III and CavourWar of Piedmont-Sardinia and France against AustriaGaribaldi invades southern ItalyKingdom of Italy proclaimedDeath of CavourBismarck becomes Prime Minister of PrussiaConvention of GasteinAustro-Prussian WarNorth German
Confederation formedCrisis over Hohenzollern candidacy
for the Spanish throneItalian state annexes RomeGerman Empire proclaimedTreaty of FrankfurtFrench monarchy restoredQuadruple Alliance renewedCongress of Aix-la-ChapelleSix ActsFrance helps crush the
Spanish RevolutionFlying ShuttleSpinning JennySteam EnginePower LoomWater FrameNelson defeats the French navyExecution of Duke d'EnghienJenaFriedlandBeginning of Spanish assistance to
Napoleonic dominationNapoleon marries Marie LouiseInvasion of Russia and French defeat at BorodinoLegislative commission
summonedSolzhenitsyn expelledHelsinski AccordsSoviet invasion of AfghanistanU.S. boycott Olympic GamesMartial law declared in PolandDeath of BrezhnevNicholas II takes personal control of the armyNicholas II abdicatesTrotsky's coup seizes powerConstituent Assembly dispersedArmistice with GermanyTreaty of Brest-LivotskThird InternationalChurchill and Stalin meetConference at PotsdamPoland gets a little bit of freedomHungary tries to get independenceCuban missile crisisSolidarity government established in PolandGorbachev renounces the Brezhnev DoctrineCommunists renounce their exclusive control of the Soviet UnionUSSR ceases to exist as a political entityContest between Parliament and YeltsinGerman Last OffensiveGolden BullFrederick III converts to CalvinismAdolphus diesDeath of Henry IIPetrarch crown Poet Laureate in RomeBlack Death hits EuropeGeoffrey Chaucer starts The Canterbury TalesEstablsihment of the Medici BankAlberti begins work on the doors
of the baptistery in FlorenceChristine de Pisan's City of LadiesFlorence conquers PisaPrince Henry the Navigator participates
in capture of Ceuta in northwestern Africagreat Schism comes to an endValla's On the Donation of ConstantineGutenberg prints BibleEnd of the Hundred Years WarFall of ConstantinopleHenry VII begins Tudor dynasty
following Battle of BosworthPico's Oration on the Dignity of ManExpulsion of the Jews from SpainLorenzo de Medici diesTreaty of TordesillasBurning of SavonarolaMichelangelo's Davidda Vinci's Mona LisaRaphael's School of AthensErasmus' In Praise of FollyMore's UtopiaIgnatius Loyola begins
The Spiritual ExercisesCastiglone's The CourtierReformation ParliamentZwingli diesJesuits become officialHenry marries Anne BoleynCopernicus's Concerning the
Revolutions of the Celestial
SpheresVesalius' De humani corporis fabricaGordiano Bruno burned at the stakeShakespeare's HamletDutch East India Company establsihedFirst part of Don QuixoteAssassination of Henry IVGalileo begins astronomical
observations with his telescopeGalileo's Letters on SunspotsWilliam Harvey announces his
discovery of the circulatory systemJohannes Kepler reveals his 3rd
and final law of planetary motionBattle of White MountainFrancis Bacon publishes Novum OrganumCardinal Richelieu becomes
Louis XIII's chief ministerMurder of the Duke at BuckinghamGalileo's Dialogue on the Two
Chief Systems of the WorldTrial of GalileoMurder of Albrecht von WallensteinCharles I introduces the Book of
Common Prayer to ScotlandRene Descartes publishes Discourse on the MindRebellion in IrelandExecution of the Earl of StraffordIssuing of Grand RemonstranceExecution of Archbishop LaudEstablishment of the English RepublicLiver Cromwell becomes Lord ProtectorDeath of CromwellThomas Hobbes publishes LeviatanRoyal SocietyChartering of the French East India CompanyConstruction begins on VersaillesPosthumous publication of Pascal's PenseesRembrandt paints The NIght WatchNewton publishes his PrincipiaJohn Locke's Two Treatises of GovernmentJohn Locke's Essay on Human UnderstandingPrussia becomes a kingdomHume's Inquiry into Human NatureBattle of CullodenThe first volume of Diderot's
Encyclopedie appearsLisbon earthquakeDiplomatic RevolutionVoltaire's CandideRousseau's The Social ContractRousseau's Emile is publishedVoltaire pushes for reexamination
in the trial of Jean CalasBeccaria's On Crime and PunishmentStamp ActBurke writes Thoughts on the
Cause of Present DiscontentMarriage of the future Louis XVI
to Marie AntoinetteFirst Constitutional CongressFighting begins between American
colonists and the BritishThe first volume of Gibbon's The History of the
Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire is publishedDeclaration of IndependenceAdam Smith's Wealth of NationsFrance goes to war against Britain
in support of the American coloniesKant's Critique of Pure ReasonEdicts of TolerationCalonne informs Louis XVI that
the crown is bankruptAssembly of Notables meetsAbbe Sieyes writes What Is the Third Estate?Lafayette selected as commander of the National GuardWomen's march on VersaillesBentham's Introduction to the Principles of Morals and LegislationBurke's Reflections on the Revolution in FranceRevolt breaks out in St. DomingueMary Wollstonecraft's Vindication of the Rights of WomenFrance declares war on AustriaBattle of ValmyExecution of Marie AntoinetteBritain enters the war against FranceCounter-revolution breaks out in the VenedeeEstablishment of the Committe of Public SafteyExpulsion of Girondins from the ConventionMurder of Marat by Charlotte CordayNapoleon takes Toulon from counter-revolutionariesExecution of DantonFall of Robespierre and the JacobinsNapoleon launches invasion of northern ItalyThomas Malthus's Essay on PopulationCotton GinLouisiana PurchaseThird CoalitionAbolition of the Holy Roman EmpireBritish Parliament votes for the end of the slave tradeFirst passenger train lineOccupation of MoscowRetreat from RussiaHundred DaysDarby smelts ironIron BridgeDavid Ricardo's Principles of Political EconomyCombination ActsRevolt in NaplesThe RocketDarwin starts his journeySadler Committee looks into
child labor in Great BritainSlavery banned within the British empireFactory ActEnglish Poor LawGrand National Consolidated UnionStrauss's The Life of Jesus Critically ExaminedDaguerreotypeBeginning of the Chartist movementFirst Opium WarNapoleon's body reburiedProudhon's What Is Property?British gain control over Hong KongRepeal of the Corn LawsLiberia gains independenceThe Communist ManifestoUnrest in various German statesCharles Albert of Savoy goes to war against AustriaSafety elevatorLivingstone begins exploring the African ineriorCommodore Perry arrives in JapanCharles Dickens's Hard TimesSynthetic dyesFlaubert's Madame BovaryIndian RebellionJews allowed in ParliamentGaribaldi invades the Kingdom of Two SiciliesSalon de RefusesFirst InternationalItalians seize Venetia from AustriaDynamiteMill's On LibertyDoctrine of Papal InfallibilityDarwin's The Descent of ManTypewriterMonet's Impression: SunriseSerbia gains independencePhonographGreat Britain seizes control over
the Egyptian governmentBerlin ConferenceIndian National CongressNietzsche's Thus Spake ZarathustraGermany fails to renew Reinsurance TreatyRerum NovarumRusso-Japanese WarBattle of AdowaFirst Zionist CongressBernstein's Evolutionary SocialismFrance and Britain almost go to warFreud's The Interpretation of DreamsQuantum physicsHobson's Imperialism: A StudyHerero WarSeparation of Church and State in FranceHMS Dreadnaught launchedBritish-Russian ententeRadiumThe Rite of SpringSocialists become largest political party in GermanyDefenestration of PragueBeginning of the Spanish InquisitionTreaty of BrusselsWarsaw PactBeer Hall PutschCommunist Party ceases to be democraticNew Economic PlanningLenin suffers his first strokeFrench senate defeats bill extending
vote to womenHyper-Inflation of Germany currencyLenin diesBritain extends vote to women on same
basis as menTrotsky exiled from RussiaJapanese army begins an invasion
of Manchuria (northern China)Stalin's second wife kills herselfHitler becomes Chancellor of the
German governmentHitler issues the Emergency DecreeJapan leaves the League of NationsErnst Roehm and hundreds of others murderedItalians invade Abyssinia (Ethiopia)Nuremberg Laws for the Jews draftedPeriodi
Italian RenaissanceDesiderius ErasmusNiccolo MachiavelliSavonarola controls FlorenceLuther stays at Wartburg CastleUnsuccessful German Peasants' RevoltTyndale's translation of the NT into EnglishReign of Ivan the TerribleDestruction of Anabaptists at MunsterEdwardian SettlementElizabethan SettlementFrench Wars of Religion Phase ICouncil of Troubles (Blood)French Wars of Religion Phase IIFrench Wars of Religion Phase III"Time of Trouble"Henry of Navarre (Henry IV) (Henry Bourbon) Reigns in FranceReign of Louis XIII in FranceThirty Years' WarReign of Charles I in EnglandLong ParliamentReign of Frederick William, the Great Elector, in PrussiaEnglish Civil WarReign of Louis XIV in FranceInterregnum PeriodPuritan RevolutionThe FrondeLeopold I rules Austria and resists the Turkish invasionsKilling Times in ScotlandWar of DevolutionFrench war against the Netherlands (Franco-Dutch War)Reign of Frederick I of PrussiaNine Years's War (War of the League of Augsburg)War of the Spanish SuccessionJohn WesleyCharles VI rules Austria and secures agreement to the Pragmatic SanctionFrederick William I builds up the military power of PrussiaWar of the Austrian SuccessionCardinal Fleury serves as Louis XV's chief ministerSeven Years WarAmerican RevolutionGreat War (World War I)Grain harvest fails, promoting Soviets to collectivize the peasants and destroy the kulaksStalin murders most of the leaders and generals in the Soviet government and Communist PartyPersian Gulf WarWorld War IIKorean WarUnsuccessful negotiations with the Assembly of NotablesCholera epidemicsCatherine I reigns in RussiaPeter II reigns in RussiaAnna reigns in RussiaIvan VI reigns in RussiaElizabeth reigns in RussiaPugachev's RebellionRussian war with TurkeyCastle of NeuschwansteinThe Birth of the ModernReign of Henry VIII in EnglandReign of Charles V in the Holy Roman EmpireReign of Mary TudorReign of James I in EnglandFrench RevolutionNorthern RenaissanceAge of ReasonEnlightenmentPeak of RomanticismReign of Catherine II (The Great) in RussiaWar of Jenkins's EarWhite TerrorFrancisco PetrarchHigh RenaissanceLeonardo da VinciRaphaelMichelangeloRise of the "juntas"Venezuelan Civil WarGreek RevolutionHaitians Try to Gain IndependenceReign of Charles X in FranceSecond Republic of FranceFranco-Prussian WarEuropean Emigration BoomUrban popiulation quadruplesBritish and French constructing penintentiaries nowRussia enters the idustrial ageContagious Disease Acts activeThree Emporers' LeagueThree Emperors' LeagueCongress of ViennaReign of William II in GermanyBoer WarRusso-Japanese WarFirst Moroccan CrisisBosnian CrisisFirst and Second Balkan WarsLeopold II establishes his personal rule in the CongoBritain establishes protectorate over EgyptGermany established protectorate over several placesLeopold II continues to rule over the CongoFirst InternationalGerman antisocialist lawsFirst major impact of petroleumGladstone serves as Britain's prime ministerDisraeli serves as prime ministerSir Thomas MoreWilliam ShakespearePrinting PressMartin LutherJohn WycliffeJan HusSchmalkaldic War (Rough Dates)Ulrich ZwingliReformation ParliamentJohn CalvinCouncil of TrentIgnatius LoyolaReign of Philip in SpainGladstone's second ministryLord Salisbury rules as Prime Minister of BritainGladstone's third ministryAlexander II rules in Russia as tsarCrimean WarAlexander III rules in Russia as tsarNicholas II rules in Russia as tsarFrancis Joseph rules as Emperor of the Habsburg EmpireCharles I dissolves Parliament and embarks on 11 years of personal ruleReign of Charles II in EnglandReign of James II in EnglandReign of William III and Mary II in EnglandContinued reign of William III in EnglandReign of Queen Anne, the last of the Stuarts, in EnglandReign of George I in Great BritainRobert Walpole dominates British politics as Prime MinisterReign of George II in Great BritainFrench Third RepublicReign of Marshal MacMahon as president of FranceReign of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin in RussiaSoviet industrial production increases 400%Germany divided by the AlliesJoseph Stalin controls of the Soviet UnionRule of Nikita Khrushchev in Russia/USSRThe presidium (named the Politburo) temporarily succeeds Stalin in Russia/USSRMikhail Gorbachev rules the Soviet Union/RussiaBrezhnev Era - Leonid Brezhnev controls the Soviet UnionFrench Wars of ReligionReign of Francis II in FranceReign of Charles IX in FranceReign of Henry III in FranceDevelopment of single-point perspectiveReign of Henry VII in EnglandReign of Peter the Great in RussiaGreat Northern WarReign of Frederick the Great in PrussiaReign of Louis XVI in FranceReign of Louis XVIII in FranceReign of Queen Victoria in Great BritainIrish Potato FamineSecond Empire of FranceReign of Victor Emmanuel as first King of ItalyReign of Queen Victoria as Empress of IndiaSmall famines plagues Europe due to "Little Ice Age"Little Ice AgeLittle Ice AgeReign of TerrorRussian Civil War
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