feb 2, 1848 - Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

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The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed in 1848, ended the Mexican-American War and resulted in Mexico ceding a vast portion of its territory to the United States, including present-day California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and parts of Colorado and New Mexico, known as the Mexican Cession. This treaty significantly expanded U.S. territory and deepened the national debate over the expansion of slavery into the newly acquired lands, impacting the sectional tensions leading up to the Civil War.

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