jan 1, 1959 - Training Begins
Description:
1959 - The first page of the file Steve receives from Natasha about the Winter Soldier is probably dated 1959, from the KGB branch in Lvovsky Region, USSR which is the Lviv Region in Ukraine. The area is super varied in landscape and population, which could have served as a proving ground of sorts for something like the winter Soldier. This can probably be taken as a pretty clear date for when the Winter Soldier officially became 'active' under the direction of the KGB. That's five years from the metal arm being attached, to the Asset, during which you can only assume they were working on the base programming for what would later become the wipes.
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Most of the 'training' he was given was basically the Russians field-testing him and being all WOO he already knows this, because Bucky was already a Grade A Badass. They would have updated him on new technology as soon as it was available to him, because he can obviously fly SHIELD fighter jets without blinking an eye and is rather fond of commandeering random flying machines.
Languages TL;DR:
WW2-era: English, German, Russian, Japanese,
French, Italian (probably), and foul language.
Winter Soldier-era: Chinese, Spanish, Polish, Romanian, Kree, and dog?
(we could assume that Bucky is telling Steve and Sam all that info about the other Winter Soldiers in this scene because he's listing his own stats. So it's possible Bucky himself speaks upwards of 30 languages. If he spent a lot of time in Asia, the Middle East, and Africa, all those different dialects could easily add up to 30+ languages.)
https://archiveofourown.org/works/10878852
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