jan 1, 586 BC - Neo-Babylonians (Chaldeans) under Nebuchadnezzar conquer Israel and Judah.

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Solomon’s temple was destroyed in the Babylonian victory. Babylonian Captivity = Babylonians force thousands from their homeland to Babylon. This is referred to as an exile → the state of being barred from one's native country, typically for political or punitive reasons. Others refer to this as the first Jewish Diaspora →the dispersion or spread of a people from their original homeland. While in captivity, followers were encouraged to keep their religion alive even though in a foreign land. The focus changed from worshiping at the Great Temple to local places of worship called synagogues

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