aug 1, 53 BC - The Persians conquer the Neo-Babylonians and gain control of the Mesopotamian area.

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Persian leader Cyrus lets the Jews to return to Judah. Once back, the walls to the city of Jerusalem are rebuilt and construction of the Second Great Temple is completed.
In fear of being conquered again and their religion lost, the Jews begin to write down their history which will eventually be the first part of the Hebrew Bible. These five books are called the Torah.

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