jan 1, 1905 - Russo-Japanese War; Roosevelt mediates peace

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European and American plans met a challenge, however, in Japan’s emergence as East Asia’s dominant power. A decade after its victory over China, Japan responded to Russia’s bids for control of both Korea and Manchuria, in northern China, by attacking Russia’s fleet at its leased Chinese port. In a series of brilliant victories, Japanese forces smashed the Russian navy. Westerners were shocked: for the first time, a European power had been defeated by an Asian nation. Conveying both admiration and alarm, American cartoonists sketched Japan as a martial artist knocking down the Russian giant. Roosevelt mediated a settlement to the war in 1905, receiving for his efforts the first Nobel Peace Prize awarded to an American.

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