jan 1, 217 - Callistus, bishop of Rome, claims authority to bind and loose sins

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"Tertullian, living in North Africa at the time, was horrified. “We do not forgive apostates,” he cried, “and shall we forgive adulterers?” It was a voice from the past. The future rested with Callistus. If those guilty of adultery could be readmitted to the church, why not apostates? By midcentury many were asking that very question."

Shelley, Bruce L.. Church History in Plain Language, Fifth Edition (p. 86).

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