jan 1, 509 BC - Rome became a republic by overthrowing King Tarquin the proud (Lucius Tarquinius Superbus)

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The Roman Republic was established during a political revolution that resulted in the expulsion of the last king of Rome overthrown by a group of noblemen. This was due to Tarquin's son, Sextus, raping a noblewoman, Lucretia, which enraged the noblemen and were led by Lucius Junius Brutus. The king was replaced with two consuls (who had many of the same powers as the king but were elected to serve one-year terms.

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