sep 18, 450 BC - twelve tables of laws established

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With the foundation of the Roman Republic in 509 BCE, Rome came into its own. For the next 600 to 700 years, Rome defined itself against the monarchy it had overthrown, and the word "king" (rex in Latin) became one of the worst slurs to throw at a political rival. Republican government consisted of the Roman Senate, a body of well-born statesmen; two consuls, chosen among the senators, who had imperium, or the power of force that the kings had formally possessed and who led the armies; and in time, the plebeian assembly.

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