23h 50min, apr 18, 1813 y - Giuseppe Verdi

Description:

composed most of the small amount of his sings early in his career; uses a quasi operatic approach to sing writing(L’esule 1839 is almost a cantata); he wrote 12 omanze in 1838 and 1845 which were more virtuosic; his songs can be used as studies for scenes that appear later in his operas.
Wanted to come back to what the character was feeling instead of how the singer was feeling about the aria.
Made the singer sing what HE wrote
More presence in the singers sound
The breath of the voice changes
Took away all the ornaments for vocal joy; back to the text
Longer lines; emotions get deeper and voice gets brauder
Larger orchestras than Bellini, Donizetti, and Rossini
Went to germany to get the better instrumentalists
Everything was colliding = music is going to change

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