The Land of Israel became part of the Roman empire. By this time, it was called Judaea, or “land of the Jewish people.” Disrespect toward Judaism led Jews to rebel against Rome. Herod the Great was designated 'King of the Jews' by the Roman Senate in c. 40 BC, the Roman province of Egypt was established in 30 BC, and Judea proper, Samaria and Idumea (biblical Edom) were converted to the Roman province of Iudaea in 6 AD.