jan 1, 622 - Hijra and the Formation of the Muslim Community – (622 CE)
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Facing persecution in Mecca, Muhammad and his followers migrated to Medina in an event known as the Hijra. This marked the beginning of the Islamic calendar and the establishment of the first Muslim community (Ummah). In Medina, Muhammad became both a religious and political leader, creating a model of Islamic governance based on justice, consultation, and divine law.
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