jan 1, 1200 BC - Late Bronze Age Collapse – (c. 1200 BCE)

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Many powerful civilizations in the eastern Mediterranean—like the Hittites, Mycenaeans, and parts of Egypt—collapsed around the same time. A key cause was the arrival of the Sea Peoples, mysterious groups of seafaring raiders and migrants who attacked cities, disrupted trade, and may have come from areas around the Aegean Sea. Their invasions helped bring down major empires and led to a time of chaos, but also to the rise of smaller kingdoms and new cultures.

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