The Korean War (25 Jun 1950 Jahr – 27 Jul 1953 Jahr)
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The Korean War originated from a conflict between the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (North Korea) and the Republic of Korea (South Korea). The United Nations (with the greatest help coming from the United States) joined the war on the side of the South Koreans, and the People’s Republic of China came to North Korea’s aid. In 1949, North Korean leader Kim Il-sung urged Stalin to agree to a full-scale invasion of South Korea. Stalin refused on the grounds of the unpreparedness of North Korea and the possible US involvement. By 1950, North Korean army had grown substantially and the Soviets and Chinese had supplied them with weaponry, Stalin agreed to the invasion. On June 25th, North Korea struck on many cities at once (Seoul included) in an failed attempt to swiftly take over South Korea and disintegrate their army. The South Koreans formed a line of defensive line South of the Han river and waited for help from the US forces. Truman order McArthur to send munitions to South Korea and went to the UN for sanctions.
It wasn't until early August that the North Koreans were slowed down and that the fighting ground came back to the 38th parallel. In July 1951, President Truman and his new military commanders started peace talks at Panmunjom, yet the fighting did not stop. Finally, after more than two years of negotiations, the adversaries signed an armistice on July 27, 1953. The agreement allowed the prisoners of war to stay where they liked. They drew a new boundary near the 38th parallel that gave South Korea an extra 1,500 square miles of territory; and created a 2-mile-wide “demilitarised zone” that still exists today.
The Korean War was relatively short but exceptionally bloody. Nearly 5 million people died. More than half of these were civilians. Almost 40,000 Americans died in action in Korea, and more than 100,000 were wounded.
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