Operation Nachshon (5 апр 1948 г. – 16 апр 1948 г.)

Описание:

Operation Nachshon was a pivotal military operation by the Haganah from April 5-16, 1948, during the 1947-1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine, and it marked the beginning of Plan Dalet. Its goal was to open the Tel Aviv – Jerusalem road, which was blockaded by Palestinian Arabs, to supply the besieged Jewish community of Jerusalem. This operation was pivotal as it marked a transition from defensive to offensive strategies in the conflict.

The operation was led by Shimon Avidan and involved 1,500 men from the Givati and later Harel brigades of the Palmach. It started on the night of April 5, following a telegraph that confirmed its initiation. Despite facing strong resistance, the operation managed to open the road and deliver crucial supplies to Jerusalem, though it fell short of its goal of transporting 3,000 tonnes, achieving only 1,800 tonnes.

The death of Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni on April 7-8 was a significant blow to Arab morale and disrupted their strategy in Jerusalem. This operation showcased the poor military organization of the Palestinian paramilitary groups, who struggled with logistics and sustained combat effectiveness. The operation was followed by further actions such as Operations Harel, Yevusi, and others aimed at securing the region around Jerusalem.

In summary, Operation Nachshon was a critical early operation of the Haganah that helped shape the military landscape leading up to the establishment of Israel, highlighting the shift towards more organized and concerted military efforts by the Jewish forces.

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