EDWARD I (Longshanks) (2 янв 1272 г. – 1 янв 1307 г.)

Описание:

- 1295: Formed the Model Parliament, bringing the knights, clergy and nobility, as well as the Lords and Commons together for the first time.
- Proclaimed himself as "the new Arthur", attributing himself mythical qualities to create a sense of nationalism, which he used to raise money to go to war with Wales.
- He raised custom duties from merchants.
- Defeated the Welsh chieftains and made his eldest son Prince of Wales.
- 1296: He conquered Scotland. Later, Edward de Bruce, a Scottish king, defeated him and took Scotland back.

John of Gaunt, his third son, Duke of Lancaster, was the founder of the House of Lancaster.

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