War of the Spanish Succession (1 янв 1701 г. – 1 янв 1714 г.)

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Causes: Charles II died, leaving his empire to Louis XIV’s grandson, Philip V. The other European powers didn’t want France to have that much power; Louis's claim to the Spanish throne was challenged by the rival claim of Emperor Leopold of the Holy Roman Empire (they were both cousins and brothers-in-law)

Participants: England, Holland, and Holy Roman Empire vs France

Outcome: Treaty of Utrecht, Rastatt; Philip V remained king of Spain, but England got Gibraltar, Minorca; Louis recognized the House of Hanover as English kings; left France, the richest kingdom in Europe, exhausted and drained

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