American Revolution (1 янв 1775 г. – 1 янв 1783 г.)

Описание:

An effect of the 7 year war and the enlightenment. British debt=large --> taxation of the colonies, this + a decree limiting settlement + the will for local autonomy leads to riots

Britain attempts to stop riots through easing taxes, but grants East India Company a monopoly to import tea to colonies, going against the constitution and protestors dump the tea.

In response, Britain appoints Thomas Gage the governor of Boston, and closes the ports+militarizes, undermining Britains authority and sparking revolution.

Britain attempts to find political compromise, but efforts fail in 1763

British defeat at Saratoga--->France joining the war on America’s side

American army+French forces--->General Charles Cornwallis’s surrender to Washington
Ended war

Signed Treaty of Paris in 1784 with Britain, established boundaries for former colonies
In return United States promised to repay war debts to British merchants and to allow loyalists to recover property confiscated by patriots


A new country:
Second Continental Congress sent Articles of Confederation (first U.S. constitution)
Sent in 1777, approved by states in 1781

Constitutional Convention held in May 1787 in Philadelphia
*Achieved a nonviolent second American Revolution
*Delegates pushed aside intended purpose and wrote a new constitution

New govt was to have a president elected by electors, and power was split among executive, legislative and judicial branches and divided authority between federal govt and states

Slave states permitted to count ⅗ of slave population to allocate number of congressional congress, despite not allowing them participate in political process

Women denied political rights as well despite having participated in boycotts and relief

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