Industrial Revolution (1 янв 1760 г. – 1 янв 1830 г.)

Описание:

In the Industrial Revolution, new technologies began to transform the economy from chiefly rural and agricultural—with most goods made by hand—to an urban economy based on manufacturing by machine. Beginning in the textile industry, various inventions led to the cheaper and more efficient mass production, which lowered sales prices and drove out competitors working by hand. Other industries followed suit, including the rise of instrument-making firms. Men, women, and even children came to work in the factories and the coal and iron mines that kept them running, despite long hours and poor working conditions.

While it did bring unprecedented prosperity, the Industrial Revolution was in many ways as disruptive as the French Revolution and Napoleonic wars. It threatened traditional ways of life and enriched the urban middle and merchant classes at the express of the landowning aristocracy and the poor.

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