Fraser River Gold Rush (25 апр 1858 г. – 25 апр 1863 г.)

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News breaks out that gold has been discovered in the Fraser River in the late 1860s, this sends San Francisco's population into a mass migration for Fraser River. The first bunch of migrating miners arrived in Fort Victoria on April 25, 1858, and there were approximately 400 of them. The amount of migrating miners just kept increasing that year, and from May to June, about 10,000 American miners travelled to the Fraser River Canyon by boat. In the fall, there were about 15,000 more miners, then the next year there were 50,000 miners in total. Majority of the miners came from California. The most plentiful discoveries of flour gold were in between the Hope and Yale municipalities in the Fraser Canyon. This sudden and invasive gold rush had an incredibly negative impact on the Indigenous peoples who were living on the southern interior. Their Aboriginal lands had been invaded by large mining companies, this led to the Fraser Canyon War of 1858. Miners disrupted Indigenous communities, like the Nlaka’pamux First Nations. They mined gold in their areas without asking for permission to first from the Nlaka’pamux leaders, and also disrupted the salmon fishery of the Nlaka’pamux. The salmon fishery was a vital activity for the Nlaka’pamux and their economy, but since the miners were occupying the sites where the Nlaka’pamux would normally fish, their salmon fishery had to be put on hold that year. The miners had also ruined the spawning grounds of the fishery, so the chances that the Nlaka’pamux could recover from this disaster were very, very, very slim. There was also smallpox epidemic in 1862 associated with the miners, which is thought to have killed 50-75% of the Indigenous who were in the area. After the Fraser Canyon War of 1858 had ended on a truce on August 22, the Nlaka’pamux let the miners access their territories & their resources.

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