События
Satavahans
- Founder: Simuka
- Ahara (Amatya) → Village (Gramika)
- Trade: Sopara, Bharuch, Pratishthana, Tagara
- 1st togive royal grants to Buddhists and Brahmanas
- Naneghat Inscriptions - numeric symbols
- Nasik Prashashti - Gautamiputra Satkarni
- Bagh Caves: MP, Rang MahalVakatakas
- Founder: Vindhyashakti
- Ajanta Caves: Fresco, no blue color,
Mahaparinirvana, Both Theravava and MahayanaChalukyas
- Badami Caves
- Aihole Inscription: Defeat of harsha by Pulkeshin II (By Ravikirti)
- Rock-cut temples of Pattadakal
- Vidyapati Bilhana: Vikramankadeva CharitaPulkeshin IPulkeshin II (Chalukyas)
- Defeated by Narsimhavarman (Pallavas)Kirtivarman II (Chalukyas)
- Last Ruler
- Defeated by Dantidurga (Rashtakuta)Chalukyas
- Taxes: Herjunka, Kirukula, Bilkode, and Pannaya
- Architecture: Yaksha, YakshiniChalukyas
- Vijnaneshwara: Mitakshara
- Jayakirti: Karnateshwara Katha
- Syamakundacharya: Prabhrita
- Srivaradhadeva: ChudamaniFounder: Sri-GuptaChandragupta I
- MaharajadhirajaSamudragupta
- Allahabad Pillar
- Napoleon of IndiaChandragupta II Navratans
- Amarsima
- Dhanvantri
- Harisena - Allahabad Prashasti
- Kalidasa - Shakuntala, Malvikagnimitram, Raghuvansha, Kumarsamba
- Varahamihira - Brihatsamhita
- Vararuchi
- Sudraka - Mricchakatika
- Vishakhadatta - Mudrarakshasa
- Vishnusharma - PanchtantraKumargupta
- Nalanda, Hunas InvadedSkandagupta
- Hunas invvaded 2nd time
- Bhitap Pillar InscriptionAyurvedic Trio
Vagabhata
Charaka .
Sushruta .Harsha
- Capital: Kannauj
- More decentralised than Guptas
- No slavery
- Banabhata: Harshacarita
- Harsha: Priyadarshika, ratnavali, Nagananda
- Largest no. of gold coins
- Earlier Shaivite, Later Mahayana BuddhistPallavas
- Founder: Simhavishnu
- Sittanvansal Caves: jain
- Vishti: Forced LabourNarsimhavarman I (Pallavas)
- Vatapikonda
- MamallaNarsimhavarman II (Pallavas)
- Rajasimha
- Poet DandinNagabhatta I (Pratihara)
- Tripartite war for Kannau (Rashtakuta Dhruv)Mihir Bhoja (Pratihara)Pala & Pratihara
- Empire → Bhukti → Mandala/Vishya → PattalaGopala (Palas)Dharmapala (Palas)
- Uttarapath Swami
- Vikramshila
- Revived NalandaVijaysenaBallalasena (Sena)
- Social Reform Kulinismin BengalLakshamanasena (Senas)
- Jayadeva: Gita Govindam
- Dhoyi: PavandutamKrishna I (Rashta)Druva (Rashtra)Govinda III (Rashtra)
- Titles: Jaggattunga, Srivallabh, TribhuvanadhavalaAmoghavarsha (Rashtra)
- wrote Kavirajamarga
- Titles; Nrupatunga, VeernarayanKrishna III
- Defeated Parantaka CholaRashtrakutas
- Allowed Musilm settlers to preach Islam
- Lang: Sanskrit,Prakrit, Apabrahmsha
- Halyudha - Kavirahasya
- Ellora Caves - Budh, Hindu, JainKulathunga Chola 1
- Sungam tavirtta - abolished many taxes
- Contemporary to RamanujaKannada Trinity (Krishna III)
Pampa, Ponna, RannaCholas
4 Mandalam → Valanadu → Nadu
Land Measurements: Kuli, ma, Veli, Patti
Caste division: Idangai, Vadangai
Architecture Unique: VimanaFirst Battle of Taarain (1191)Second Battle of Tarrain (1192)Pandyas
- Capital: Madurai
- Port: Korkai Port
- Yavanas sought spice pepper
- Titles: Thennavar, Minavar
- Embelem: CarpCheras
- Capital: Vanji
- Port: Muziri Port, Tondi Port
- Titles: Vanavarambam, kuttuvan, villavar
- Embelem: BowCholas
- Capital: Uraiyur then Puhar
- Port: Puhar Port
- Titles: senni, valavan, Killi
- Embelem: TigerViajayalaya (Cholas)Rajaraja I
- Dam accross kaveri river
- Brihadeshwara temple, Thanjore
- Titles: Mummidi chola, Jayankonda, SivapadasekaraRajendra I (Cholas)
- Gangaikondachola
- KadaramgondaHoysalas
- Capital: Dwarsamudra, - Beluru, Halibed, - Founder: Sala
- Vishnuvardhana: Talkadugonda (Title),
- Raghavanka: Harishchandracharite
- Nemichandra: Leelavati PrabhandaKakatiyas:- Capital: WarangalYadavas
- Mukundaraya: Vivekasindhu
- Hemadri: Chaturanga Chintamani
- Sarangapani: SangeetaratnakaraDevraya I
- Dam accross TungabhadraDevraya II
- Muslim archers in army
- collected tributes by ceylonKrishnadevaraya
- Yavanarajya Sthapanarchya
- Ashtadiggaja
- Bijapur, Ahmednagar, Golconda & Bidar
defeated him at Batlle of TalaikotaBattle of Wandiwash
(1760)
3rd Carnatic War
French vs British (w)Battle of Vandavasi
(1647)
- Sri ranga def by
Mir Jhumla of GolcondaFiroz Bahmani
- Built Observatory near DaulatabadMahmud Gawan
- Malik-ut-Tujjar
- Divided kingdom in 8 tarafs
- Khalisa land was kept for sultan's expensesGol Gumbaz built by
Mohammad Adil Shah
of BijapurAbdur Razzaq (Devraya II)Qutb-ud-din Aibak
- Lakh Baksh
- Adhai din ka jhopra, Ajmer
- Started Qutb MinarIltutmish
- Mongol policy saved India
- Shifted capital Lahore to Delhi
- Started Iqtadari
- Created Chalagani
- Started coinage systemBalban
- Abolished Chahalgani
- Intro Paibos, Jamnibos, Naurauz
-Est. Diwan-i-Ariz (Defence)
- Mongol Blood and Iron policy
- Indian muslims not given imp. postsAlauddin Khalji
- Banned wine
- Land revenue based on measurement
- 1st to pay soldiers in cash
- Restricted price of essential commodities
- Shahana-i-mandi: to price check
- Branding of horses
- Maintaining of Register of soldiers (chehra)
- Diwan-i-mustkharaj (Revenue)
- Jazya on non- muslims
- Zimmis: Protected non muslims who paid jizyaDelhi sultanate Land
- Iqta: To officials instead of payments
- Khalisa: Under control of sultan
- Inam: Granted to priestsLiterature
- Amir khusrau: Khazain-ul-futuh
- Kalhana: RajatranginiProvince→Shiq→Pargana(Amil)→Chaurasi(Khut/Muqaddam)Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq
- Replaced men with horses in courier
- Dawk chowkiesMuhammad Bin Tughlaq
- Taccavi loans
- Diwan-i-kohi (Agriculture)
- Mongolsunder Tarmashrin entered sindhFiruz Shah Tughlaq
-Made jizya seperate and not part of land revenue
- Est. Diwan-i-Khairat (Charity)
- Est. Diwan-i-Bundagan (Slave)
- Est. Sarai
- Water cess (Haq-i-shrib)
- Repaired canalsTughlaq Architecture
- Sloping walls: Batter (not in Firuz)Mahmud Shah Tughlaq
- Taimur invaded in 1398Changez Khan- Khwarazmian ruler sought refuge
under Iltutmish. He refused.Mongols Invaded Multan. Saved by BalbanMongols under Abdullah defeated
by JalaluddinMongols under Qutlugh Khwaja
defeated by AlauddinTaimur InvadedKizr Khan - Governor of MultanSikandar Lodi
- Contemporary to Kabirdas1st Battle of Panipat (1526)
Babur(w) vs LodiBattle of Khanwa (1527)
Babur(w) vs Rana SangaBattle of Chausa (1539)
Humayun vs Sher shah suri (w)Battle of Kannauj (1540)
Humayun vs Sher shah suri (w)Sher Shah Suri
- Purana QilaAkbar
- Dashala: Avg priceo of last 10 years of crop
- Batai: Produce div, b/w state and peasent
- Zabti: Byt Todar mal
- Abolished Pilgrim tax and Jizya
- New religion: Din Illahi2nd Battle of Panipat
Hemu vs Akbar (w)Battle of Haldighati
Rana pratap vs Akbar (w)Jahangir
- Du aspa si aspa systemShah JahanAurangzebPedro Alvarez Cabral
- Est factory at CalicutAlmeida
- Blue Water Policy (Cartaze system)Albuquerque
- Acuqired Goa from Bijapur
- persecuted muslimsBahadur Shah Guj gave
Bassein to Portugals1st trading post: MasulipatnamBattle of Swally (1612)
Eng(w) vs PortugeseSuratGolden Farman: Sultan of GolcondaAgra, Ahmedabad, BharuchBalasore,Odisha, HariharpurFort st George, MadrasFort WilliamFarrukhsiyar
- Issues Farman to English
- Bengal, Hyderabad, SuratMohammad Shah
RangeelaNadir Shah Invasion3rd Battle of Panipat (1761)
Marathas vs Durrani (w)Black Hole TragedyTreaty of Alinagar
- Sirajuddaula & EIC
- Fortification of town and
minting of coins allowedBattle of Plassey (1757)Battle of Chinsura (1759)
- Mir Jafar invited Dutch to defeated EIC
- Dutch vs EIC (w)Battle of Buxar (1764)
Mir Qasim vs EIC (w)Treaty of Allahabad
- Robert Clive
- Nizamat Nawab, Diwani EIC1st Carnatic War
- Anwar-ud-din+EIC vs French (w)2nd Carnatic War (1749)
Anwar+Nasir+EIC
vs
Muzzafar+Chanda Sahib + French (w)Treaty of Aix-La-ChapelleBattle of Talaikota1st Anglo-Mysore War
- Nizam+Marathas+EIC vs Hyder
- Hyder paid Marathas and Nizam to his side
- EIC defeated2nd Anglo Mysore War
- Marathas attached Hyder, Eic not help
- Hyder+Marathas+Nizam vs EIC
- Hyder died of cancer
- War ended eventually3rd Anglo Mysore War
- Tipu vs Travancore+EIC+Marathas+Nizam (w)Treaty of Seringapatnam
- Half of mysore to winners
+ 3cr war indemnity4th Anglo Myosre War
- EIC+Marathas+Nizam (w) vs Tipu1st Anglo Maratha War
- Raghunathrao, uncle of Narayanrao assasinated him
and took throne. Signed treaties with EIC. Nana Phadnavis
violated treaty, Gave French a port.
- EIC lostTreaty of Wadgaon
- Rejected by Warren HastingsTreaty of Salbai - 20 years peace2nd Anglo Maratha war
- Bajirao II treaty of Bassein with EIC
- Treaty of Davgaon - Bhonsle
- Treaty of Surajianjangao - Sindhia
- Treaty of Rajpurghat - Holkar3rd Anglo Maratha war
- Eic accused marathas of sheltring Pindaris
- Treaty of poona - Peshwa
- Treaty of gwalior - Sindhia
- Treaty of mandasor - HolkarCoronation of ShivajiRegulating Act of 1773
- Gov of Bengal → Gov gen. of Bengal (Warren Hastings)
- Bombay, Madras sub to Bengal
- GG Bengal report to COD (24)
- Trade Monopoly - not changed
- COD - revenue, civil and military affairs
- GG + Exec council (4 members)
- SC calcutta (not for Indians) - 1 CJ, 3 Judges
- Private Trade not allowedAmending Act 1781
- Touchet Committee
- G & council exem from SC juris. & SC juris excluded revenuePitts India Act 1784
- Monopoly: No change
- COD (24) → Commercial
- BOC (6) → Political
- BOC = Chancellor of exchequer + SFS + 4 privy council member
- GG council 3 members including Commander-in-chief
- India territories called British Possessions in IndiaCharter Act 1793
- GG can ovveride council (cornwallis)
- Monopoly: 20 years
- Commander not part of GG council
- Gov. memvers paid out of Indian revenuesCharter Act 1813
- Monopoly: Tea trade & Trade with China
- British products now sold in India
- Commercial trade and Taxes collected seperated
- Western education & Missionaries
- Courts power over Europeans tooCharter Act 1833 (St. Helena Act)
- GG Bengal → GG India (William Bentick)
- Monopoly: Completely stopped
- COD + BOC : Political & Admin
- GG council → 4 members again
- Law member added to GG council
- GG make laws for even Madras & Bombay Pres.
(so. whole of India)
- Now laws are called acts, not regulationsCharter Act 1853
-Tripartite Treaty 1838
- EIC & Ranjit Singh1st Anglo sikh war (1845)
- Sikh crossed sutlejTreaty of Lahore (1846)2nd Anglo sikh war
- Mulraj,gov of multan replaced.
Mulraj revolted1st Burma war
- Burmese expansion westTreaty of Yandabo
- Manipur seperate state2nd Burma War3rd Burma WarTreaty of Gandamak
- AfghansCharter Act 1853
- COD reduced from 24 to 18 (6 nom by crown)
- New governor post for Bengal Pres.
- Macauley committee: CSE (covenanted opened to Indians)
- ILC (6 councillors) for leg, GG & council for executiveRevolt of 1857GOI Act 1858
- GG India → Viceroy (Lord Canning)
- Abolished BOC & COD
- SFS created + 15 member councilIndian Councils Act 1861
- Exec council member - 1 more added (for PWD dept)
- Portfolio system - Canning
- Viceroy to issue ordinances
- Legistlative Councillors abolished
- Viceroy nownom. additional member (6-12) (term: 2y)
- Add member = Official (majority) + non-Offifial
- Indian could be nom. as non official add member
(Raja of Benras, Maharaja Patiala& Sir dinkar rao)
- Finance discussions not allowed
- Provincial Leg.revived (abolished in CA 1833)Indian Councils Act 1892
- No change in Viceroy and exec council
- Add. members ↑ to 10 -16 (6 official + 10 non-official)
- Non official = 5 nom. + 4 nom by Bengal, Madras, Bombay and NWFP
+ 1 nom. by calcutta chamber of commerce
- All members are still nom. but not by viceroy alone.
- Financial Discussions allowed (no voting)
- Add. members can question exec. council (6 days notice req.)
+ supplementary q not allowed
- Addn. members of prov. leg. were electedIndian Councils Act 1909 (Morley-Minto reforms)
- Indian law member in exec council (Satyendra Sinha)
- Add member to 16-60 = Official (28) + Non. official (32)
- Non official = 5 nom. + 12 elected by Bengal, Madras, Bombay and NWFP
+ 2 elected by calcutta & Bombay chamber of commerce + 13 from special electorate
- Special Electorate = 2 Businessman + 5 Muslim (by seperate electorates) + 6 Zamindars
- Voting allowed on financel bill + Supplementary questions allowedGOI Act 1919 (Montague-Chelmsford reforms)
- 1st act with Preamble
- Post of High Commissioner - agency work (earlier done by SFS)
- SFS salary by British govt. + HC salary by Indian revenues
- 3 Indian member in exec council
- Bicameralism (centre) - LA (145) + Council of states (60)
- Term COS- 5y; LA- 3y
- LA - 104 elected + 41 nom (off- 26, n-off- 15)
- COS - 33 elected + 27 nom (off- 17, n-off- 10)
- Europeans, Muslims (1/3rd reserve) & Sikhs separate electoratesChamparan Satyagraha (1st civil disob.;
Tinkathia system)Kheda Satyagraha (1st non-co-op; land revenue)Ahmedabad Satyagraha (1st Hunger strike; 35% wage hike demand)Swadeshi MovementSWADASH BOYCKKOT ML
- Surendranath, Banerjea(S), Prithwishchandra (W)
Ajit singh (A), Dadabhai Naraoji(D), Aurobindo(A),
Subramania Siva(S), Haider Syed(H), Bipin Pal(Boy),
Chidambaram Pillai(C), KK Mitra(KK), Tilak(oT),
MG Ranade (M), Lala Lajpat (L)Home Rule Leage (1916)Non-Cooperation MovementNon-coop: Against Rowlatt Act
JBKB AAG
Jinnah(J), Besant(B), Kharpade(K), Bipin Pal(B)
Mohammad & Shaukat Ali (A), Abul Aazad(A), Gandhi (G)Kanpur Bolshevik Comspirace Case (1924)
- Kanpur ke Dange Zaffar, Usmani & Nalini sahibaChiitagong Army Raid (1930)
- LAGS: Lokenath, Anant Singh,
Ganesh Ghosh, Surya SenProvincial Elections 1937
- INC in 7/11 provinces - coalition in 2
Punjab: Unionist Party, Bengal: Krashak Party + MLSimon Commission
- Indian Statutory Comm, All white 7
- Rejected P.ary resp. to centre
- Communal electorates
- Sindh sep. from Bombay, Burma sep.from India
- Jinna opposed, Shafi accepted (ML)Nehru ReportProvisions (Nehru Report)
- Dominion status, No sep. electorates, 19 FR
- No state religion, GG const. head, Federal govt.
- Bicam. leg., Min. resp to , linguistic provincesDelhi Proposals JinnahProvisions (Delhi Proposals)
- Joint electorates, 1/3rd rep in Centre,
Rep. tomuslims in Punjab and Bengal acc.to their pop.
3 new Muslim majority provinces
Residual powers with provincesCivil Disobidience Movement (1930)SSSIMA GGR KBJ
- Saikani, Suryasen, Sarojini, Imam sahib, Manila, Ambika Sinha,
Gopalbandu, Gaffar Khan, Rani Gaidinliu, Krishna, Bose, JM SenguptaGandhi Irwin Pact (1931)Quit India Movement (1942)Cripps Mission 1942
- Dominion Status
- Const. making solely with Indians, not mainly as in August Offer
- Interim Govt, but defence & External affairs with viceroy
- Provinces right to seccede
- No immediate planAugust Offer (1940)
- Dominion Status
- Maj. Indians in Viceroy's Council
- Const. Assembly
- Consent of minorities reqCommunal Award 1932
- Ramsay Macdonald; Lothian Committee
- 3% seats for women (Except NWFP
- Depressec lasses get double vote)
- Bombay 7 seats for MarathasPoona Pact 1932 (B/2 Gandhi & Ambedkar)
- Anadones Idea of sep. electorates
- 18% in Centre Leg (Depressed classes)Rajagopalchari Formula 1943 (INC & ML)
- Muslim Maj.area todecide by plebicite whether to form a seperate state
- Agreement jointly for Defence, commerce,communicationDesai Liaqat Plan 1943
- Equalnom.members from INC & ML at centre
- 20% reserve. for minoritiesGOI Act 1935
- Indian council called advisors (reduced to 6)
- Members from princely state also represented (Princely states did not join)
- Thus All India federation not formed
- Concurrent list
- Dyarchy at central leg.
- Residual power to viceroy
- Dyarchy abolished at prov leg. (only gov and min
to make law)
- Orissa and Sindh Provinces made
- Est. of RBIIndian Independence Act 1947
- Sovereign
- Abolished SFS and Viceroy
- Provided for a gov-gen for each nation
- princely states free to joinHMIS Talwar Navy Rebellion (1946)Cabinet Mission
- Create a const. assembly (prop. rep. to muslim and sikh)
- Rejected pakistan
- States divided into 3 groups
- 3 tier goverment- 3rd Battle of Tarrain (1216)
- Yildiz+Qubacha vs IltutmishBattle of Peshawar (1001)
- Ghazni(w) vs JaypalaBattle of Chandawar (1194)
- Ghori(w) vs JaychandCongress Demands: (For ICA 1892)
- ↑ in no. of additional members
- Add members to be elected (not nom.)
- Finance discussions to be allowedMuslim League FormedICA 1909
- 7 Prov.leg. = (Madras, Bombay, Bengal, United Province) {Add. members - 50},
+ (Punjab, Burma, Assam) {Add. members = 30}
- In prov. leg. non official majority can be more than official majority (not in central)Lucknow Pact (1916)August Declaration (1917)AD: Goal of responsible govt. in India- LA had power of vote supply, COS did not
- Prov. leg. added = Bihar & Orissa + Central province
- Dyarchy = central subj + prov. subj (Transferred + Reserved) (at prov.leg.)
- Transferred: Gov + Min & Reserved: Gov + exec councilINA (1942)
- By Mohan SinghMuslim League demand for Pakistan (Lahore session)Периоды
SatavahanasVakatakasChalukyas of BadamiPalas - Mahayana BuddhismIkshavaku Dynasty
- NagarjunaKonda InscriptionKadamba Dynasty - MayurasharmanPallavasGuptasGurjara Pratihara - Broke into Paramara, Solanki, Chandela, Gahadvala, ChauhanRashtrakutas - DantidurgaFa-Hein (Chandragupta II)Hiuen Tsang (Harsha)Vardhan
- HarshaMauryansChandragupta II
- Iron Pillar Near Qutb Minar
- Mehrauli Iron Pillar
- Defeated Saka Rudrasimha IIIPandyasCherasCholasSena DynastyAl Sulaiman (Bhoja)Prithviraj Chauhan
-Pritvirajraso: Chand BardaiSolanki - Bhimdeva I (Somnath looted by Ghori)Paramaras - Founder SiyakaChandelas of JejbhuktiGahadvalas of Kannuj - Raja Jaichand, GovindChandraHoysalasKakatiyasYadavas (Sevuna)Marco Polo (Rudramdevi Kakatiya and Pandyas)Vijayanagara EmpireBahmani KingdomSangamSaluvaTuluvaAraviduNicolo de conti (Dev raya II)Duarte Barbossa
(KrishnaDevaraya)Domingo Paes
(KrishnaDevaraya)Nuniz
(AchyutaDevaraya)Adi ShankaraRamanujacharyaNimbarkaMadhavarchyaVallabhacharyaBasavannaKabir (Book-Bijak)Guru NanakDadu DayalTukaramMamluk DynastyKhaljiTughlaqSayyidLodiMughal EmpireIbn BatutaNew
eventMonseratte (Akbar)William HawkinsSir Thomas RoeJean-Baptiste TravernierHyder AliTipu SultanAnglo Maratha WarsCornwallis: Permanent Settlement 1793Lord Hastings: Ryotwari & Mahalwari systemRipon: Repeal Vernacular press act
Ilbert Bill Controversy
Father of Local self GovernmentDufferin: Est of INC(1885)Hardinge II : Annulment of
Partition of BengalLytton: Vernacular press actChelmsford: Rowlatt Act
Jallianwalah BaghMayo: 1st CensusMinto II: Swadeshi Movt
Surat splitTripartite StruggleTurkic InvasionsDelhi SultanateTyagarajBrihadrata Dynasty (1700-682 BC)
- Magadha
- Greatest Ruler: Jarasandh
- Last Ruler: RipunjayaPradyota Dynasty (682-544 BC)
- Avanti
- Last ruler: VartivardhanaHaryanka Dynasty (544-413 BC)
- Founder: Bimbisara
- Ajatsatru, Udayin
- Last ruler: NagadasakaKosala (534-500 BC)
- Prasenjit
- Capital: AyodhyaShishunga Dynasty (413-345 BC)
- Cap: Vaishali
- Last ruler: MahanandinNanda Dynasty (345-322 BC)
- Mahapadmananda
- Called "sarva kshatrantaka" & "Ekrat" by puranas
- 1st non Kshatriya dynasty
Comments