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Обновлено 1 фев 2018
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Aida Aramideh
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Timeline
By
Aida Aramideh
23 янв 2018
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177
События
Negroes begin to appear on television as professionals and social equals. May 6 – President Eisenhower signs the Civil Rights Act of 1960 into law.
January 21 – A negro Air Force veteran, James Meredith, completes his first application for admission to the all-white University of Mississippi (Ole Miss), at Oxford. February 1 – James Farmer is elected national director of the Congress of Racial Equality. May 4 – The first Freedom Rides (which last for four weeks) begins in Washington, D.C., sparking violent white resistance in South Carolina, Georgia, and Alabama. President Kennedy sends federal marshals to protect demonstrators .
September 30 – Meredith’s admission to Ole Miss causes a riot, in which two people are killed. November 20 – JFK issues Executive Order 11063, beginning federal oversight of racial discrimination in housing.
The city of Albany, Ga, repealed the ordinances which had required segregation in transportation, ticket sales and restaurants. April 3 – Martin Luther King Jr. leads his first march in Birmingham, Alabama. May 12 – The first serious riots in Birmingham over civil rights marches and Ku Klux Klan bombings.
July 2 – LBJ signs the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The legislation outlaws segregation in all public transportation, public accommodation, employment, and education. It also prohibited government financial support of any institution or agency practicing Jim Crow.
February 18 – The negro civil rights worker Jimmie Lee Jackson is killed during the Selma campaign. February 21 – The negro Muslim leader Malcolm X is assassinated in New York City by fellow negro Muslims.
July 10-15 – Major rioting erupts in Chicago, but it is not directly related to MLK’s activity. July 30-31 – More civil rights marches lead to white backlash riot in Chicago.
June 13 – LBJ appoints Thurgood Marshall to become the first negro on the U.S. Supreme Court. July 12-17 – A riot breaks out in Newark, New Jersey, resulting in more than twenty deaths.
February 8 – A massacre at Orangeburg, South Carolina, results in many negro college students being killed or wounded by authorities.
April 26 – The National Black Economic Development Conference meets in New York; James Forman formulates the “Black Manifesto” there. May 4 – Forman disrupts a church service in New York City to present his Black Manifesto demands.
February 2 – Sixteen Black Panthers are put on trial in New York City for plotting to bomb public buildings. March 3 – Whites in Lamar, South Carolina, attack busloads of negro schoolchildren on their way to their newly integrated school.
August 25 – The Black Panther and Soledad Brother George Jackson kills five people in an attempt to escape from prison before being gunned down himself. August 30 – Ten school buses are bombed in Pontiac, Michigan, by whites protesting cross-town busing order of federal courts.
February 23 – Angela Davis is released on bail. February 28 – Angela Davis’s trial begins. June 4 – Angela Davis is acquitted by an all-white jury in California
May 29 – Tom Bradley elected the first negro mayor of Los Angeles. July 2 – The National Black Network begins operations with 38 radio stations nationwide.
Milliken v. Bradley, Supreme Court rules that schools were local for the purpose of Brown, and further decreed that the liberal judicial test of evidence usually granted in cases involving racial discrimination could not be invoked because suburban schools were not involved. The test of evidence, strict scrutiny, required the defendant school district to carry the burden of proof of nonracial discrimination and not the plaintiff.
Virginia’s General Assembly repeals the Racial Integrity Act. September 6-7 – Riots erupt in Louisville, Kentucky, over forced busing. October 24 – Racial violence erupts at South Boston High School
October 4 – U.S. Agriculture Secretary Earl Butz resigns under pressure after making “racially insensitive” comments about negroes
February 22 – U.S. Supreme Court begins deliberations on University of California Regents v. Bakke, a case alleging reverse discrimination (the favoring of minorities over whites) in college admissions. June 13 – James Earl Ray, the convicted assassin of Martin Luther King, Jr., is captured after a prison escape in Tennessee.
February 11 – AIM begins “The Longest March” from Alcatraz to Washington, D.C. July 17 – AIM ends “The Longest March” on the steps of the U.S. Capitol.
Virginia’s General Assembly repeals its sterilization law.
Popularization of “African-American” and “People of Color” as racial terminology
Twenty-five-year extension of the Voting Rights Act.
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