Timeline of Jewish History
Category: Иное
Обновлено: 12 сен 2021
A non-comprehensive introductory timeline to Jewish history, designed to situate an understanding of major events in context with world history.
Prepared for Congregation T'chiyah's "JEWISH JOURNEYS" class by Jake Ehrlich, September 2021 (5782).
Drawing from Oxford Reference / History World, Wikipedia and collected sources.
http://www.tchiyah.org
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Created byJake Ehrlich
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Creation: Year 1 in Hebrew calendar.Abraham receives mission from God (~1800 BCE)Purported Exodus from Egypt (c. 1300 BCE)Israelites settle in Canaan (c. 1000 BCE)King David unites northern kingdom of Israel
& southern kingdom of Judah;
Jerusalem becomes capital (990 BCE)First Temple is built by King Solomon (c. 960 BCE)Bablyonians conquer Israel.
Temple is destroyed. Babylonian Exile begins,
leading to rise of synagogues and messianism. (586 BCE)Cyrus The Great (Persia) allows Jews return to Jerusalem;
begin construction on Second Temple (539 BCE)Maccabean Revolt (Hanukkah) (168 BCE)Israel conquered by Rome (63 CE)The Second Temple is destroyed by Romans.
Academy at Yavneh established,
beginning (proto)Rabbinic Judaism. (70 CE)Oral Torah is compiled
into the MISHNAH
by R' Judah ha-Nasi (c. 200 CE)Masoretes standardize the Torah text (c. 500)The TALMUD is compiled / redacted (c. 500 CE)Maimonides writes
"Guide For The
Perplexed," c. 1190.The Zohar is written,
c. 1300 CE.Jews expelled from Spain (1492)Hasidism (popular mystical
pietism) emerges in Poland, 18th c.German Jews lead the Haskalah,
"Jewish Enlightenment," leading
to the founding of Reform Judaism
in early 19th c.Theodor Herzl publishes "The Jewish State,"
calling for a national homeland for all Jews (1896)Balfour Declaration: Britain supports
establishment of Jewish homeland in Palestine (1917)Founding of State of Israel,
known to Palestinians as
the Nakba, "Catastrophe." (1948)Events of Book
of Esther (Purim)Islam is founded, c. 610 CE.Buddhism founded,
c. 5th-4th century BCE.Crucifixion of Jesus;
spread of proto-Christianity.Life of Zoroaster,
c. 1000 BCE (disputed)Legal equality granted to Jews in Poland (1264)Legal equality granted to Jews in France (1791)First printing of the Babylonian Talmud (1520)Shulchan Aruch, definitive code
of Jewish law by Joseph Caro
is written. (1563)Legal equality granted
to Jews in Prussia, 1812.Hitler comes to power (1933)Bolshevik Revolution
succeeds in Russia (1917)Writing emerges in Mesoptamian
and Egyptian civilizations, c. 3200 BCERise of Minoan Civilization (Crete);
earliest numerals appear in Egypt.Yamnaya culture
(Proto-Indo-European) emerges.End of the Neolithic Era.Canaanites develop alphabet.
First appearance of
name "Israel" (c. 1200 BCE)Yiddish language emerges,
c. 9th. centuryMessiah is supposed
to appear. (Year 6000 AM)Earliest known remains of Torah scroll, dated to 300 CE.Kishinev Pogrom (1903) attracts international attention.
49 Jews were killed, a number of Jewish women
were raped and 1,500 homes were damagedJews expelled from England (1290).
[Overturned in 1657]Founding of the General Jewish
Labour Bund in Russia and Poland (1897)First modern synagogue Bat Mitzvah,
held for Judith Kaplan, daughter of
Mordecai Kaplan (1922)Периоды
The Nazis kill 6 million Jews (1/3
of global Jewish population),
1.5 million Romani, and some
8+ million others in the HolocaustBRONZE AGEIRON AGE / ANTIQUITY / CLASSICAL ERACRUSADESISLAMIC GOLDEN AGERENAISSANCEENLIGHTENMENTINDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONEvents of the book of Genesis (Bereishit)Events of the rest of
Torah (Exodus - Deut.)Book of Deuteronomy authoredEvents of the Prophets (Nevi'im)Events of Ezra-Nehemiah
(Books in Ketuvim)SECOND TEMPLE PERIODLife of Rabbi HillelLife of Alexander the Great
(356-323 BCE)Life of Julius Caesar
(100 - 44 BCE)Life of RashiBlack Death
kills 200 million people
(1346-1353)Life of NapoleonLife of Mordecai Kaplan,
founder of
Reconstructionist JudaismLife of Sholem Aleichem,
Yiddish playrightBabylonian
ExileLife of Rabbi Akiva
(executed by Roman authority)Life of Shabtai Tzvi,
mystical hereticLife of Isaac Luria,
influential KabbalistOver 2,000,000 Jews emigrate to USA
between the late 19th century and 1924,
when the US Immigration Act of 1924 restricted immigrationLife of Isaac Mayer Wise,
American reform rabbi
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