History of Science

Imhotep and the Ancient Egyptians The Egyptians experimented with medicine and although it cost quite a few lives they did discover quite a bit Such as: moldy bread has penicillin in it and can help heal wounds and poppy seeds can ease pain. They could record all of their discoveries on papyrus.

Thales Thales was a greek man who is believed to be one of the first real scientists. He studied the sky and outer space and was successful in predicting multiple planetary events.

Anaximander Anaximander who was believed to be one of Thales’ students, study living organisms and is believed to be one of the first scientists to try to explain human origin without a creator.

Anaximenes Anaximenes, who is considered to be Anaximander's associate, studied air. He believed it was the most simple substance in nature and that it made up everything.

Leucippus Leucippus built on Anaximenes ideas. Historians believe he proposed that all things were made of tiny particles called atoms.

Democritus Leucippus’ student Democritus, whose works are very well preserved, came up with an analogy to explain his ideas about atoms. It's like a beach the closer you get the more details you can see until eventually you can see all of the little sand grains.

Aristotle Aristotle is called the father of life sciences. He was born shortly before Democritus died. He wrote volumes on philosophy, mathematics, logic physics and his greatest works living things.

Ptolemy Ptolmy was born about 100 years after Christ’s birth. He studied the stars. He was one of the first to attempt a complete description of the planets and stars. He calculated that the earth was the center of the universe and that the rest of the solar system orbited us. It is known as the ptolemaic system or the geocentric systems.

Archimedes Archimedes lived 100 years about 100 years after Aristotle. He did great work in mathematics. He used his love of math to forward science. He used mathematical formulas to explain why certain things happened.

Nicolas of Cusa Nicolas was interested in God's infinite nature. He studied the planets and the stars because he believed they were one of the most large and infinite things he could study. He was one of the first scientists to break Ptolemy's geocentric system.

Bradwardine Bradwardine was a theologian that believed you could only be saved by faith and God's grace. He was one of the first scientists to critically examine Aristotle's works and he determined that quite a few of his ideas were wrong.

Bacon Bacon was one of Grosseteste's followers and is even more well known than he. Some people often mistakenly call him the father of the scientific method. He used science to break up superstition such as the belief the goats blood could break diamonds. He believed that through science people could eventually create flying machines explosives submarines and the ability to travel the world.

Grosseteste Robert Grosseteste was perhaps the most significant individual of the Middle Ages. Throughout his life he was devoted to discovering the laws of the natural world. Instead of just Inventing he wanted to be able to explain why things occurred not just know that they occurred. Passionately he taught scientists should not just know that things exist but instead they should make detailed observations which would lead to hypotheses.

Copernicus Nicholas Copernicus studied the planets. He believed that planets including earth orbited around the sun. He didn't have a lot of evidence to prove this he just had a lot to prove that Ptolemy's geocentric system was wrong. He wrote a book on his heliocentric system.

Vesalius Andreas Vesalius studied the human body. He wrote a very detailed book with amazingly detailed and correct illustrations of the human body, not just the outside of the body, his book included illustrations of organs, the skeletal system muscles and more!

Kepler Johannes Kepler studied the planets. His detailed observations helped him to guess the basic orbit of the planets around the sun. He could describe the planets orbit mathematically.

Galileo Galileo Galilei performed experiments on motion. He also studied the stars. Greatly improving the original design of the telescope he made many new discoveries about the solar system including his discovery that the plants do not generate their own light but instead reflect the light of the sun.

Pascal Blasie Pascal was a philosopher and greatly enhanced geometry and algebra. He also studied how fluids behave and showed that air exerts pressure on everything.

Vesalius Andreas Vesalius studied the human body. He wrote a very detailed book with amazingly detailed and correct illustrations of the human body, not just the outside of the body, his book included illustrations of organs, the skeletal system muscles and more!

Newton Issac Newton wrote a 3 volume book set in which was information about most of his work. The first volume is about newton's 3 laws of motion. The second was built on the work of pascal which focused on the motion of fluids and the third was about his universal law of gravity. His third book was the last blow to the geocentric system.

Boyle Robert Boyle is known as the founder of modern science. He lived at the same time as Newton. He was a devoted Christian and often wrote sermons giving glory to God through nature.

van Leeuwenhoek Antoni van Leeuwenhoek was not educated as a scientist but he revolutionized the study of living things. He created the first microscope. He loved God and glorified him through his studies.

Linnaeus Carolus Linnaeus published a book which held a classification scheme that categorized all living creatures that he created which is still used today. He was a Christian and glorified God through his works.

de Lavoisier Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier was a chemist who analyzed chemical reactions in a systematic way. He stated that matter can not be created or destroyed; it can only change forms.

Dalton John Dalton was a devout Quaker. He did many experiments with gas. He built on works of Democritus and others making a detailed theory of atoms. He is known as the father of modern atomic theory

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