События
13th
AmendmentPlessy
v.
FergunsonThe U.S. Supreme Court ruled that racially
separate facilities, if equal, did not violate the
Constitution. Segregation, the Court said, was
not discrimination.NAACPBrown Board
of
Education19th
AmendmentW. E. B. DU BOIS helped to establish the NAACP
and entered into the forefront of the early U.S.,
civil rights movement.JIM CROW
LAWSAfrican Americans
Fight legal DiscriminationsNiagara Falls
MovementTrotter led a delegation of blacks to meet with
the president Woodrow Wilson, on November
12, 1914 to discuss the surge of segregation.
Trotter began with a reference to their 1913
meeting and to the petition he had presented,
containing 20,000 signatures “from thirty-eight
states protesting against the segregation of
employees of the national government.”Normal
and
Industrial InstitutionDept PeonageBooker T. Washington delivers a speech calling
for a moderate approach to race relations.
W.E.B. Du Bois attacked Booker T. Washington’s
Atlanta Compromise speech accusing him of
abandoning the fight for black political rights
and accepting segregation in exchange for
deceptive economic gainsThe Crisis, the official magazine of the National
Association for the Advancement of Colored
People was founded in 1910 by W. E. B. Du BoisGuinn v. United StatesDuring WWI the newly-formed NAACP led the
fight against discrimination and segregation
and to prevent mistreatment of African
Americans in the militaryThe East St. Louis riot May 1917 was
an outbreak of labor and race-related violence
in the city of East St. Louis, IllinoisMember Rosa Parks was arrested and fined for
refusing to give up her seat on a segregated bus
in Montgomery, Alabama.Martin Luther King became involved in protests
against the incident involving Rosa Parks and
the Montgomery Bus Boycott began.14th AmendmentFreedmen's BureauCivil Rights Act of 1866, which gave African
Americans citizenship and forbade states from
passing discriminatory laws- Black Codes- that
severely restricted African Americans' lives.Mississippi and South Carolina had first enacted
black codes in 1865, and other Southern states
had rapidly followed suit.Enforcement ActReconstruction ActCivil Rights Act15th Amendment (Ratified)African Americans, who made up the largest
group of Southern Republicans gained voting
rights as a result of the Fifteen Amendment.
During Reconstruction, African American men
registered to vote for the first time; nine out of
ten of them supported the Republican Party.Hiram RevelsSharecropping
SystemTenant Farming
SystemKu Klux Klan (KKK)Slaughterhouse casesU.S. v. CruikshankHomestead ActExodusters- African Americans who moved from
the post- Reconstruction South to Kansas.Chinese
Exclusion ActGentlemen's
AgreementSusan B. AnthonyIn 1869 Anthony and Elizabeth Candy Stanton
had founded the National Women Suffrage
Association (NWSA), which united with another
group in 1890 to become the National American
Women Suffrage Association, or NAWSA.
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