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Massachusetts Bay Colonies
-Created to serve a utilitarian purpose.
-Puritan education system
-Later in the 1700s Benjamin Franklin called for the inclusion of art in the schooling curriculumIndustrial Age America
-Visual arts recognized as valuable to the learning process.
-Drawing became important in a capitalist society.
-Horace Mann voiced ideas of art as a means of expression and communication.
-Common Schools Journal. -Psychological and scientific research sheds light on the developing mind.Early 20th Century
-John Dewey’s progressive education theories.
-Arts integration
-Project based learning
-Transition to self-expressionism -Art appreciationDepression and World War Era America
-Change in values due to societal change.
-Scarce resources
-More emphasis on technical skill -Return to utilitarian tasks1990s to Present
-No Child Left Behind
-Race to the Top
-Every Child Achieves Act -Schools less focused on test results and more focused on holistic educationThe Regan Administration
-America believed child education was failing
-Pressure from foreign countries
-A Nation at Risk emphasized a back to basics mentality
-Standardized testing and high stakes external accountability
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