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Premiere performance ofJohann Sebastian Bach'sSt John PassionBWV245 atSt. Nicholas Church, Leipzig.Premiere ofJohann Sebastian Bach'sSt Matthew PassionBWV 244b at theSt. Thomas Church, LeipzigTheRoyal Opera Houseopens atCovent Garden,London,England.The Palazzo Nuovo is made by Pope Clement XII the world's first public museum in Rome.Premiere performance ofGeorge Frideric Handel'sAriodanteat theRoyal Opera House,Covent Garden.Freedom of the press: New York Weekly Journal writerJohn Peter Zengeris acquitted ofseditious libelagainst the royal governor ofNew York, on the basis that what he had published was true.TheTeatro di San Carlois inaugurated.Serse, anItalian operabyGeorge Frideric Handelreceives its premiere performance inLondon, England.George Frideric Handel'soratorioMessiahmakes its world-premiere inDublin, Ireland.The first recordedwomen's cricketmatch takes place nearGuildford, England.First performance ofGeorge Frideric Handel'sMusic for the Royal FireworksinGreen Park, London.Horace Walpolecoins the wordserendipityin a letter to Horace Mann.Samuel Johnson'sA Dictionary of the English Languageis published in London.English poetChristopher Smartis admitted intoSt Luke's Hospital for Lunaticsin London, beginninghis six-year confinementtomental asylums.TheBritish Museumopens.Frres Reycends publisher in business (approximate date) in Turin.Caff Al Bicerin in business in Turin.Edward Gibbonobserves a group of friars singing in the ruinedTemple of Jupiterin Rome, which inspires him to begin work onThe History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire.After a campaign by the writerVoltaire, judges in Paris posthumously exonerateJean Calasof murdering his son. Calas had been tortured and executed in1762on the charge, though his son may have actually committed suicide.InLondon,James Christieholds his first sale.InLondon,Philip Astleystages the first moderncircus.Premiere in Milan of the operaAscanio in Alba, composed byWolfgang Amadeus Mozart, age 15.The first publicColonial Americanmuseumopens inCharleston, South Carolina.Establishment of theIlluminatiin Ingolstadt (Upper Bavaria), byJesuit-taughtAdam Weishaupt.Royal Batavian Society of Arts and Sciences was established by a group of Dutch intellectuals. This institution is the pioneer of scientific efforts in Indonesia and the founder of National Museum of Indonesia.The first recorded ascent ofTriglav, the highest mountain inSlovenia.Caff Fiorio in business in Turin.Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart'sSymphony No. 36is performed for the first time inLinz, Austria.Classical composerLuigi Boccherinireceives a pay rise of 12000realsfrom his employer, theInfante Luis, Count of Chinchn.InVienna, Austria,Mozart's operaThe Marriage of Figarois performed for the first time.First edition of The Times of London, previously The Daily Universal Register, is published.The first American novel,The Power of Sympathy or the Triumph of Nature Founded in Truth, is printed inBoston, Massachusetts.The first performance ofThe Magic Flute, the last opera byMozartto make its debut, took place atFreihaus-Theater auf der WiedeninVienna, Austria.La Marseillaise(the Frenchnational anthem) is composed byClaude Joseph Rouget de Lisle.TheJardin des Plantesmuseum opens inParis. A year later, it becomes the first publiczoo.TheMuse du Louvreis officially opened inParis,France.Georges Cuvierdelivers his firstpaleontologicallecture at cole Centrale du Pantheon of theMusum national d'histoire naturelleon living and fossil remains of elephants and related species, founding the science of Paleontology.TheRosetta Stoneis found in theEgyptianvillage ofRosettabyFrenchCaptainPierre-Franois BouchardduringNapoleon'sEgyptian Campaign.TheUnited StatesLibrary of Congressis established whenPresidentJohn Adamssigns legislation to appropriate $5,000USDto purchase "such books as may be necessary for the use ofCongress".William Wordsworthand his sister,Dorothysee a "long belt" ofdaffodils, inspiring the former to penI Wandered Lonely as a Cloud.William Wordsworthcomposes the sonnetComposed upon Westminster Bridge, September 3, 1802.Ludwig van Beethoven'sonly opera,Fideliopremieres inVienna.Ludwig van Beethovenconducts and performs in concert at theTheater an der Wien, Vienna, with the premiere of hisFifth Symphony,Sixth Symphony,Fourth Piano Concerto(performed by Beethoven himself) andChoral Fantasy(with Beethoven at the piano).Drury-lane theatre burnt.London'sDrury Lane Theatreburns to the ground, leaving ownerRichard Brinsley Sheridandestitute.Beethoven'sPiano Concerto No. 5 in E-flat major, Op. 73, premieres at theGewandhausinLeipzig.TheHandel and Haydn Society, oldest continuously performing arts organization in theUnited States, gives its first performance.Lord ByronreadsFantasmagorianato his four house guests at theVilla Diodati,Percy Shelley,Mary Shelley,Claire Clairmont, andJohn Polidori, and inspires his challenge that each guest write a ghost story, which culminated in Mary Shelley writing the novelFrankenstein, John Polidori writing the short storyThe Vampyre, and Byron writing the poemDarkness.The first performance of "Silent Night" takes place in the church of St. Nikolaus inOberndorf,Austria.An 80-tonsperm whaleattacks theEssex(awhalingship fromNantucket, Massachusetts) 2,000 miles from the western coast of South America. (Herman Melville's 1851 novelMoby-Dickis in part inspired by this story.)Jean-Franois Champollionannounces that he has deciphered theRosetta stone.A Visit from St. Nicholas, also known asThe Night Before Christmas, is published anonymously.World premiere ofLudwig van Beethoven'sNinth SymphonyinVienna,Austria. The performance is conducted byMichael Umlaufunder the composer's supervision.TheNational Galleryin London opens to the public.Bellini's third opera,Il pirata, is premiered atTeatro alla Scala di MilanoSamuel Francis SmithwritesMy Country, 'Tis of Theefor the Boston, Massachusetts July 4 festivities.End of theHambach FestivalinRhineland-Palatinate,Germany.James Gordon Bennett, Sr.publishes the first issue of theNew York Herald.Florante at Laura is published.Oberto,Giuseppe Verdi's first opera, opens at theTeatro alla ScalainMilan, Italy.Gaetano Donizetti's operaLa fille du rgimentreceives its first performance in Paris, France.Giuseppe Verdi's third opera,Nabucco, receives its premire performance inMilan; its success establishes Verdi as one of Italy's foremost opera writers.The firstminstrel showin the United States, TheVirginia Minstrels, opens (Bowery Amphitheatrein New York City).Giuseppe Verdi's operaI Lombardi alla prima crociatareceives its first performance inMilan, Italy."The Raven" is published in theNew York Evening Mirror, the first publication with the name of the author,Edgar Allan PoeElizabeth Barrettelopes withRobert Browning.Henry David ThoreauleavesWalden Pondand moves in withRalph Waldo Emersonand his family inConcord, Massachusetts.Stephen Foster's song "Oh! Susanna" is first performed at a saloon inPittsburgh.Theatres of London are closed, the Actors being generally attacked with the prevailing Influenza.TheHermitage MuseuminSaint Petersburg,Russia, one of the largest and oldest museums in the world, opens to the public.Jenny LindleavesNew Yorkafter hertwo-year American tour.Charles Dickens' novelHard Timesbegins serialisation in his magazine,Household Words.Henry David ThoreaupublishesWalden.InBrooklyn,New York City, the first edition ofWalt Whitman's book ofpoems,Leaves of Grass, is published.Scenes of Clerical Life, the first work of fiction by the author later known asGeorge Eliot, is submitted for publication.The Atlanticis founded inBoston,Massachusetts.The first Hall concert is given inManchester, England, marking the official founding ofThe Hallorchestra as a full-time, professional orchestra.Opening of the presentRoyal Opera HouseinCovent Garden, London.TheCodex Sinaiticusis discovered inEgypt.Bryant's Minstrelsdebut "Dixie" inNew York Cityin the finale of ablackfaceminstrel show.The Transylvanian Association for the Literature and Culture of the Romanians is founded in Sibiu, as the first cultural association of the Romanian-speaking Transylvanians;First performance ofArthur Sullivan's debut success, his suite ofincidental musicforThe Tempest, leading to a career that included the famous Gilbert and Sullivanoperas.Rosala de CastropublishesCantares Gallegos, the first book in theGalician language.Mark Twain's short story "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" is published in theNew York Saturday Press.At the age of 18,Vinnie Reambecomes the first and youngest female artist to receive a commission from the United States government for a statue (ofAbraham Lincoln).AtTremont TempleinBoston, British authorCharles Dickensgives his first public reading in the United States.The Batavian Museum (today National Museum of Indonesia) was officially opened by Dutch East Indies government.Mefistofele, an opera byArrigo Boitoreceives its premire performance atLa Scala.The inauguration of theMusikvereininVienna, Austria.The New York CityMetropolitan Museum of Artis founded.The Gabinete de Fisica of the University of Santo Tomas established as the first Museum in the Philippines.Aidaopens inCairo,Egypt.Gilbert and Sullivancollaborate for the first time, on their lost opera,Thespis. It does modestly well, but the two would not collaborate again for four years.InNew York CitytheMetropolitan Museum of Artopens.Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's "Slavonic March" is given its premiere performance in Moscow, Russia.The Society for Printing of Albanian Writings, composed of Roman Catholic, Muslim, and Orthodox Albanians, was founded in Constantinople.World premire ofHenrik Ibsen'sA Doll's Houseat theRoyal TheatreinCopenhagen,Denmark.First performance ofO Canada, the song that would become thenational anthemofCanada, at the Congrs national des Canadiens-Franais.First known conversationin modern Hebrew byEliezer Ben-Yehudaand friends.Tchaikovsky's1812 Overturedebuts inMoscow,Russia.The Mikado, a light opera byW. S. GilbertandArthur Sullivan, receives its first public performance in London.Publication of theUnua Libro, founding the Esperanto movement.The premiere of the very firstRomani language operettais staged inMoscow,Russia.Thepoem"Casey at the Bat", byErnest Lawrence Thayer, is published in theSan Francisco Examiner.The Music Hall in New York City (later known asCarnegie Hall) has its grand opening and first public performance, withTchaikovskyas the guest conductor.TheLimelight Department, one of the world's firstfilm studios, is officially established inMelbourne, Australia.Premiere performance ofThe NutcrackerbyPyotr Ilyich TchaikovskyinSaint Petersburg,Russia.Thomas A. Edisonfinishes construction of the firstmotion picturestudio, theBlack MariainWest Orange, New Jersey.Tchaikovsky'sSymphony No. 6 in B Minor,Pathtique, receives its premire performance inSt. Petersburg, only nine days before the composer's death.The first ever commercialmotion picturehouse opened in New York City using tenKinetoscopes, a device for peep-show viewing of films.TheLumire brothersperform for their first paying audience at the Grand Cafe inBoulevard des Capucines, marking the debut of thecinema.The Stars and Stripes Foreveris first performed in public nearWillow Grove Park,Philadelphia.Dracula, a novel by the Irish authorBram Stoker, is published.TheTaoistmonkWang Yuanludiscovers theDunhuang manuscripts, a cache of ancient texts that are of great historical and religious significance, in theMogao CavesofDunhuang, China.Anton Bruckner's9th Symphonyreceives its first performance inVienna, Austria.BritishmysticAleister Crowleytranscribes the first chapter ofThe Book of the Law.British mysticAleister Crowleytranscribes the third and final chapter ofThe Book of the Law.Irish authorJames Joycebegins a relationship withNora Barnacleand subsequently uses the date to set the actions for his novelUlysses; this date is now traditionally called "Bloomsday".Frantiek Pavlk is killed in a demonstration inPrague, inspiringLeo Jan?ekto the piano composition1. X. 1905.ThePushkin Houseis established inSaint Petersburg,Russia, to preserve the cultural heritage ofAlexander PushkinFlorenz Ziegfeld, Jr.staged his firstFollieson the roof of theNew York TheaterinNew York City.Burgess Shalefossils are discovered byCharles Doolittle Walcott.The Phantom of the Opera(original title:Le Fantme de l'Opra), a novel by French writerGaston Leroux, is first published as a serialization in Le Gaulois.Sergei Rachmaninoffmakes the debut performance of hisPiano Concerto No. 3, considered to be one of the most technically challengingpiano concertosin the standardclassicalrepertoire.Igor Stravinsky's balletThe Firebirdis premiered in Paris, bringing him to prominence as a composer.Richard Strauss' operaDer Rosenkavalierreceives its debut performance at theDresden State Opera."Jana Gana Mana", thenational anthemofIndia, is first sung in the Calcutta Session of theIndian National Congress.The Deutsche Opernhaus (nowDeutsche Oper Berlin) opens in the Berlin neighborhood ofCharlottenburg, with a production ofBeethoven's Fidelio.TheArmory Showopens inNew York City, displaying works of artists who are to become some of the most influential painters of the early 20th century.The Vienna Concert Society rioted during a performance of modernist music byArnold Schoenberg,Alban Berg,Alexander von Zemlinsky, andAnton von Webern, causing a premature end to the concert due to violence; this concert became known as theSkandalkonzert.A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, the first novel byJames Joyce, is serialized inThe Egoist.During 1920: Short skirts gaining popularity.TheArt Gallery of Ontario, inToronto, opens the first exhibition by theGroup of Seven.Taiwanese Cultural Association founded.Howard CarterandLord Carnarvonbecome the first people to enter the tomb ofPharaohTutankhamunin over 3000 years.Howard Carterunseals theburial chamberofPharaohTutankhamun.TheArts Club of Chicagohosts the opening ofPablo Picasso's first United States showing, entitledOriginal Drawings by Pablo Picasso, becoming an early proponent ofmodern artin the United States.The Great GatsbybyF. Scott Fitzgeraldis first published in New York City, byCharles Scribner's Sons.Thechildren's bookWinnie-the-Pooh, byA. A. Milne, is first published.Show Boat, considered to be the first true Americanmusical play, opens at theZiegfeld TheatreonBroadway.Declaration of theYouth PledgeinIndonesia, the first timeIndonesia Raya, now the national anthem, was sung.The Adventures of Tintin, one of the most popular Europeancomic books, is first published in Belgium.In New York City, theMuseum of Modern Artopens to the public.Salvador Lutterothran the first everEMLL(nowCMLL) show in Mexico, marking the birth ofLucha LibreTheApollo Theaterreopens inHarlem, New York City.The National Academy of Sciences and Arts is established in Ljubljana.Gone with the Wind, a novel byMargaret Mitchell, wins thePulitzer Prize for Fiction.Atatrk opened the first art gallery in his residence, the Dolmabahce Palace.The first issue of the children'scomic,The Dandy, is published.BBC Televisionproduces the world's first everscience fiction televisionprogram, an adaptation of a section of theKarel CapekplayR.U.R., that coined the term "robot".Detective Comics#27 is released, introducingBatman.The Grapes of Wrath, by American authorJohn Steinbeckis first published by theViking Press.Cave paintingsare discovered inLascaux, France.In Washington, D.C., theNational Gallery of Artis officially opened by PresidentFranklin D. Roosevelt.American photographerAnsel Adamstakes apicture of a moonriseover the town ofHernandez, New Mexicothat would become one of the most famous images in the history of photography.William Faulkner's collections ofshort stories,Go Down, Moses, is published.The Saturday Evening Postpublishes the first ofNorman Rockwell'sFour Freedomsin support ofUnited States PresidentFranklin Roosevelt's 1941State of the Union addresstheme ofFour Freedoms.The final page of the comicKrazy Katwas published, exactly two months after its authorGeorge Herrimandied.At Club 500 inAtlantic City, New Jersey,Dean MartinandJerry Lewisstage their first show as acomedyteam.Gerald Lankester HardingandRoland de Vauxbegin excavations at Cave 1 of theQumran Caves, where they will eventually discover the first sevenDead Sea Scrolls.The celebritiesHelen Keller,Dorothy Parker,Danny Kaye,Fredric March,John Garfield,Paul MuniandEdward G. Robinsonare named in anFBI report asCommunist Partymembers.PeanutsbyCharles M. Schulzis first published.The opening of theNinth Street Show, otherwise known as the9th Street Art Exhibition a gathering of a number of notable artists, and the stepping-out of the post war New Yorkavant-garde, collectively known as theNew York School.After being destroyed in World War II, the rebuiltVienna State Operareopens with a performance ofBeethoven'sFidelio.Performing artist Barry Humphries introduces Edna Everage to the Australian stageTheHope Diamondis donated to theSmithsonian Institutionby New York diamond merchantHarry Winston.TheCaves of Nerjaare rediscovered in Spain.In New York City, theSolomon R. Guggenheim Museum, designed byFrank Lloyd Wright, opens to the public.TheDuSable Museum of African American Historyis chartered.TheDerveni papyrus, Europe's oldest surviving manuscript dating to 340 BC, is found in northernGreece.Roy Lichtenstein's first solo exhibition opened, and it includedLook Mickey, which featured his first employment ofBen-Day dots,speech balloonsand comic imagery sourcing, all of which he is now known for.Marvel Comicspublishes the first issue ofThe Incredible Hulk.Andy Warhol'sCampbell's Soup Cansexhibition opens at theFerus Galleryin Los Angeles.Archaeologist Peter Marsden discovers the first of theBlackfriars Shipsdating back to the 2nd century AD in theBlackfriarsarea of the banks of theRiver Thamesin London.TheLincoln Center for the Performing Artsopens in New York City.The Government ofItalyasks for help to keep theLeaning Tower of Pisafrom toppling over.TheArgentinecomic stripMafaldais published for the first time.English modelJean Shrimptoncauses a global sensation by wearinga daring white minidresstoDerby DayatFlemington RacecourseinMelbourne, Australia.Chinese Cultural RenaissanceRastafari movement:Haile SelassieofEthiopiavisitsJamaica, an event now celebrated asGrounation Day.Counterculture of the 1960s: TheHuman Be-In, takes place inSan Francisco, California'sGolden Gate Park, launching theSummer of Love.Americanresearchers discover theMadrid CodicesbyLeonardo da Vinciin theNational Library of Spain.TheYouth International Party, popularly known as the "Yippies", is founded.Josephus.InWashington, D.C., theJohn F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Artsis inaugurated, with the opening feature being the premiere ofLeonard Bernstein'sMass.Roman author Tacitus in Germania provides a highly influential interpretation of German culture.Tombscontainingbamboo slips, among themSun Tzu'sArt of WarandSun Bin's lostmilitary treatise, are accidentally discovered by construction workers inShandong.Ban Zhao completes the Book of Han, which was begun by her father Ban Biao and continued by her older brother Ban Gu.TheSydney Opera Houseopens.Classic Quimbaya civilization. Poporo Quimbaya. Tierradentro CultureLocal farmers inLintong District,Xi'an,Shaanxiprovince, China, discover theTerracotta Armythat was buried withQin Shi Huang, the firstEmperor of China, in the third century BCE.Late Zen cultureManolis Andronikos, a Greek archaeologist and professor at theAristotle University of Thessaloniki, discovers the tomb ofPhilip II of Macedonat Vergina.The provinces were ordered to compile cultural and geographical records, known as fudoki.Censorship: China lifts a ban on works byAristotle,William ShakespeareandCharles Dickens.The Nihon Shoki was completed.Garfield, holder of theGuinness World Recordfor the world's most widely syndicatedcomic strip, makes its debut.Fredegaire, the French historian.The National Gallery of Australia is opened.Tang DynastypoetDu Fudeparts for Chengdu, where he is hosted by fellow poetPei Di.Prince Charlescalls a proposed addition to theNational Gallery, London, a "monstrous carbuncle on the face of a much-loved and elegant friend", sparking controversies on the proper role of theRoyal Familyand the course ofmodern architecture.Leo VI., who wrote several treatises in the age of ignorance, dies.Commercialpeat-cutters discover the preservedbog bodyof a man, calledLindow Man, atLindow Moss,Cheshire, northwest EnglandClassic Muisca period. Muisca raftVan Gogh Irises sells for $59 million.De Administrando Imperio is written by the Byzantine emperor Constantine VII and describing the Serbian lands as bounded by the Cetina river in the west (today's central Dalmatia).InEgypt, a 4,400-year-oldmummyis found near thePyramid of Cheops.A new species of music, under six notes, introduced by Guy d'Arezzo or Aretino the monk. See Aek Tino.Humanitas publishing houseis founded inBucharest, shortly after theRomanian Revolution, by the philosopherGabriel Liiceanu.Hermanus the monk and mathematician.Sue, the largest and most completeTyrannosaurus Rexskeleton found to date, is discovered bySue HendricksoninSouth Dakota.Glaber the historian died after 1045.TheDead Sea Scrollsare made available to the public for the first time by theHuntington Library.Persian year reformed. Avicenna observes the vernal equinox, P. M. 2 hours, 9 degrees. Arzachel, the Spanish astronomer.Maps and sea charts introduced into England. Diamonds polished at Bruges. An earthquake at Constantinople. Cyprus ceded to the Venetians. Poetry begins to flourish in Germany. Wesselus died, aged 70.Rosalinus of Compiegne, the head of the sect of Nominalists.Saladin defeats the crusaders. Becket's tomb in England visited by the French king. The university of Padua found.The Alkoran translated into Latin. Peter Abelard died, aged 63.The Jubilee fixed to every fiftieth year. Nicephoras Gregoras the astronomer and historian, died.Kim Bu-sik compiles the Samguk Sagi, Korea's oldest extant history text.Damascus taken by Nouradin. Christianity introduced into Finland. Al Edrisius, the Arabian geographer. St. Bernard died.Geoffrey of Monmouth.The Albigenses violently persecuted. The pope excommunicates the emperor Otho. The works of Aristotle are condemned by the council of Paris.Eustathius, the commentator on Homer.The works of Aristotle was imported from Constantinople. The silk manufacture imported into Venice by Greek weavers. Ralph de Diceto, the historian.Gervase of Canterbury, the historian.An expedition of the Christians against the Saracens in Africa. France ravaged by William the Conqueror. Suidas, author of the Greek Lexicon.Averroes of Corduba died.King Stephen taken prisoner at Lincoln. The doctrine of Abelard condemned. The canon law brought into England. William of Malmesbury, the historian.The Almagest of Ptolemy translated into Latin. St. Anthony of Padua died.The Ottoman empire begins. Scotland invaded by Edward. Cimabue revives painting in Florence died.The Mahanubhava philosophy established by Chakradhar Swami.Mikhail Baryshnikovdefects from theSoviet UniontoCanadawhile on tour with theKirov Ballet.Roger Bacon, aged 78.George Edward GouraudrecordsHandel'sIsrael in Egyptonto aphonograph cylinder, thought for many years to be the oldest known recording of music.Il-yeon compiles the Samguk Yusa, record of history and legends.Anaudio recordingof English composerArthur Sullivan's "The Lost Chord", one of the first recordings of music ever made, is played during a press conference introducingThomas Edison'sphonographinLondon, England.Dante Alighieri, the poet and politician is exiled fromFlorence,Italy, where he served as one of six priors governing the city.Treaty of Abbeville. The Tartars invade Poland. Nassar Eddin, the Persian astronomer and geographer. Matthieu Paris the historian died.Duccio`sMaestAltarpiece, a seminal artwork of the earlyItalian Renaissance, is unveiled and installed inSiena CathedralinSiena, Italy.Thefirst public radio broadcasttakes place; a live performance of the operaCavalleria rusticanais sent out over the airwaves from theMetropolitan Opera HouseinNew York, New York.ThepoetPetrarchfirst sees his idealized love, Laura, in the church ofSaint ClareinAvignon.Leontius Pilatus of Thessalonica, restorer of Greek literature in Italy, flourished. William Occam died.Francis Petrarch flourished.KingTvrtko I of BosniawritesIn castro nostro Vizoka vocatumfrom theOld town of Visoki.John Froissart flourished. He is said to have begun before the age of 20 to write the history of the wars of his time. A disappointment in love, and a desire to learn from their own mouths the achievements of his contemporary warriors, induced him to travPainting in oil color invented by John Vaneyck at Bruges. A civil war in France.Algebra introduced into Europe from Arabia.History of Goryeo compiled.An early printed book, was Cicero de Officiis, in which Greek characters were first occasionally found, which were scarcely legible. John Faustus died.Tiphernas introduced into France the study of the Greek language. A comet appears in Cancer.Ptolemy's illustrated Geography published in Bologna.Advent of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, founder of Gaudiya Vaishnavism and leader of the world's first civil disobedience movement, in Navadwip, West BengalPrinting of first Armenian books.The ceiling of theSistine Chapel, painted byMichelangelo, is exhibited to the public for the first time.Babur completes his Baburnama, reflecting on society, politics, economics, history, geography, nature, flora and fauna, which to this day is a standard textbook in 25 countries. Babur dies, and is succeeded by his son Humayun.Having published nothing for eleven years,Franois Rabelaispublishes theTiers Livre, his sequel toGargantua and PantagruelFrayDiego de Landa, actingBishop of Yucatn, burns the sacred books of theMaya.PlaywrightWilliam Shakespearewas baptized inStratford-upon-Avon,Warwickshire,England(date of actual birth is unknown).CartographerAbraham OrteliusissuesTheatrum Orbis Terrarum, the first modernatlas.TheOlympic Theatre, designed byAndrea Palladio, is inaugurated inVicenza.First newspaper in England.Jacopo Peri'sEuridice, the earliest survivingopera, receives its premire performance inFlorence, signifying the beginning of theBaroque PeriodWilliam Shakespeare's tragedyOthellois performed for the first time, atWhitehall Palacein London.The first edition ofEl ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha(Book One ofDon Quixote) byMiguel de Cervantesis published inMadrid, Spain.L'OrfeobyClaudio Monteverdi, one of the first works recognized as anopera, receives its premire performance.Shakespeare's sonnetsare first published in London, perhaps illicitly, by thepublisherThomas Thorpe.William Shakespeare's playThe Tempestis performed for the first time, at Whitehall Palace in London.TheGlobe TheatreinLondon,Englandburns to the ground.Ren Descarteshas the dreams that inspire hisMeditations on First Philosophy.John MiltonpublishesAreopagitica, a pamphlet decryingcensorship.Blaise Pascalpublishes the first of hisLettres provinciales.A woman (eitherMargaret HughesorAnne Marshall) appears on anEnglishpublic stage for the first time, in the role ofDesdemonain a production of Shakespeare's playOthello.A woman (eitherMargaret HughesorAnne Marshall) appears on anEnglishpublic stage for the first time, in the role ofDesdemonain a production of Shakespeare's playOthello.Blaise Pascal died, aged 39.The figure who later becameMr. Punchmade his first recorded appearance in England.The London Gazette, the oldest surviving journal, is first published.Citing poor eyesight,Samuel Pepysrecords the last event in hisdiary.Daniel Defoeis placed in apilloryfor the crime ofseditious libelafter publishing a politically satiricalpamphlet, but is pelted with flowers.Alexander Selkirkis rescued after being shipwrecked on a desert island, inspiring the bookRobinson CrusoebyDaniel Defoe.The London premire ofRinaldobyGeorge Frideric Handel, the first Italianoperawritten for the London stage.Painting academy founded in Bologna.ThePremier Grand Lodge of England, the firstMasonicGrand Lodge in the world (now theUnited Grand Lodge of England), is founded in London,England.KingGeorge I of Great Britainsails down theRiver Thameswith a barge of 50 musicians, whereGeorge Frideric Handel'sWater Musicis premiered.Johann Sebastian Bachdedicated sixconcertostoChristian Ludwig,margraveofBrandenburg-Schwedt, now commonly called theBrandenburg concertos, BWV 1046-1051.A Trip to the Moon, considered one of the firstscience fiction films, is released in France.The song "We Are the World" receives its international release.InHaverhill, Massachusetts, scrap-metal dealerLouis B. Mayeropens his firstmovie theater.TheLive Aidbenefit concerttakes place inLondon, England, United KingdomandPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania, as well as other venues such as Sydney, AustraliaandMoscow, Russia, Soviet Union.Fantasmagorie, the first animated cartoon, created bymile Cohl, is shown inParis,France.The national anthem Majulah Singapura, written by Zubir Said, is presented.Kinemacolor, the first successful colormotion pictureprocess, is first shown to the general public at thePalace Theatrein London."Advance Australia Fair" is proclaimed as Australia's official national anthem.Mary Pickfordmakes her screen debut at the age of 16.ARolling Stonesconcert in London, Ontario is shut down by police after 15 minutes due to rioting.TheDuke of York's Picture Houseopens inBrighton, now the oldest continually operatingcinemain Britain.The firstjukeboxgoes into operation at the Palais Royale Saloon inSan Francisco.Paramount Picturesis founded.Columbia Recordsintroduces thelong-playing record albumin a public demonstration at theWaldorf-Astoria HotelinNew York, New York.The firstIndian film,Shree PundalikbyDadasaheb Torneis released inMumbai.The firstCompact Discs(CDs) are released to the public in Germany.Carl LaemmleincorporatesUniversal Pictures.The first organ sent by Constantine to France. Pepin reduces the Saxons.The British Board of Censors is established.Raja Harishchandrathe first full-length Indianfeature filmis released, marking the beginning of theIndian film industry.Charlie Chaplin's first film appearance,Making a Livingpremiered.D.W. Griffith's controversial filmThe Birth of a Nationpremieres inLos Angeles.Mary Pickfordbecomes the first female film star to sign a million dollarcontract.Samuel GoldwynandEdgar SelwynestablishGoldwyn Pictures.Charlie Chaplin,Mary Pickford,Douglas Fairbanks, andD.W. GriffithlaunchUnited Artists.The firstGerman Expressionistfilm and earlyhorror movie,Robert Wiene'sThe Cabinet of Dr. Caligari, receives its premire in Berlin.Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckleparty inSan Franciscoends with the death of the young actressVirginia Rappe: One of the first scandals of theHollywoodcommunity.George Melford's silent film,The Sheik, starringRudolph Valentino, premiers.Toll of the Seadebuts as the first general releasefilmto use two-toneTechnicolor. (The Gulf Betweenwas the first film to do so, but it was not widely distributed.)TheHollywood Signis officially dedicated in the hills aboveHollywood,Los Angeles, California. It originally reads "Hollywoodland" but the four last letters are dropped after renovation in 1949.The Walt Disney Companyis founded byWalt Disneyand his brother,Roy Disney.Western ElectricandWarner Bros.announceVitaphone, a process to add sound to film.Fox Filmbuys the patents of theMovietone sound systemfor recording sound ontofilm.InNew York, New York, theWarner Bros.'Vitaphonesystem premieres with the movieDon JuanstarringJohn Barrymore.Fritz Lang's futuristic filmMetropolisis released in Germany.Louis B. Mayer, head of film studioMetro-Goldwyn-Mayer(MGM), announces the creation of theAcademy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, at a banquet inLos Angeles, California.InNew York City,Samuel Roxy Rothafelopens theRoxy Theatre.Douglas FairbanksandMary Pickfordbecome the first celebrities to leave their footprints in concrete atGrauman's Chinese TheaterinHollywood.TheAcademy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciencesis founded.The firstOswald the Lucky Rabbitcartoon,Trolley Troubles, produced byWalt Disney, is released byUniversal Pictures.Opening ofThe Jazz Singer, the first prominent talking movie.Putting Pants on Philip, the firstLaurel and Hardyfilm, is released.Walt DisneycharacterMickey Mousepremieres in his first cartoon,Plane CrazyRelease of the animated shortSteamboat Willie, the first fully synchronized soundcartoon, directed byWalt DisneyandUb Iwerks, featuring the third appearances of cartoon charactersMickey MouseandMinnie Mouse. This is considered by the Disney corporation to be Mickey's birthday.Popeye the Sailor Man, acartoon charactercreated byElzie Segar, first appears in theThimble Theatrecomic strip.In Old Arizona, the first full-length talking motion picture filmed outdoors, is released.InHollywood, the firstAcademy Awardsare awarded.The first talkingMickey Mousecartoon, "The Karnival Kid", is released.TheMotion Picture Production Codeis instituted, imposing strict guidelines on the treatment of sex, crime, religion and violence in film, in the U.S., for the next thirty-eight years.Betty Boopmakes her cartoon debut inDizzy Dishes.The first color soundcartoon, calledFiddlesticks, is made byUb Iwerks.Alam Ara, India's first talking film, is released.Premiere ofWalt Disney'sFlowers and Trees, the first cartoon short to useTechnicolorand the firstAcademy Awardwinning cartoon short.Radio City Music Hall, "Showplace of the Nation", opens inNew York, New York.The filmKing Kongopens at New York'sRadio City Music Hall.The Walt Disney Companyreleases thecartoonThree Little Pigs, with its hit song "Who's Afraid of the Big Bad Wolf?"The firstdrive-in theateropens, inCamden, New Jersey, United States.The firstThree Stoogesshort,Woman Haters,is released.Donald Duckmakes his debut inThe Wise Little Hen.The first all-sound film version ofShow Boatopens atRadio City Music Hall. (There had been a part-talkie, part-silent version ofShow Boatin 1929.)The Russian animation studioSoyuzmultfilmis founded.Daffy Duck's first appearance, in Porky's Duck Hunt.TheNaziexhibitionDer ewige Jude("The Eternal Jew") opens inMunich.Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, the world's first full-lengthanimatedfeature, premieres at theCarthay Circle Theatre.Theanimated cartoonshortPorky's Hare Huntdebuts in movie theaters, introducingHappy Rabbit(a prototype ofBugs Bunny).Shooting begins onParamount Pictures'Dr. Cyclops, the first horror film photographed inthree-stripTechnicolor.The Wizard of Ozpremieres at Grauman's Chinese Theater inLos Angeles, California.Gone with the Windreceives its premiere atLoew's Grand TheatreinAtlanta, Georgia,United States.The second full length animatedWalt Disneyfilm,Pinocchio, premieres.For her role as Mammy inGone with the Wind,Hattie McDanielbecomes the firstAfrican Americanto win anAcademy Award.The animated shortA Wild Hareis released, introducing the character ofBugs Bunny.Walt Disney'sanimated musical filmFantasiais first released, on the first night of a roadshow at New York'sBroadway Theatre.Walt Disney's fifth full-length animated film,Bambi, was released to theaters.Americanmovie studioexecutives agree to allow theOffice of War Informationtocensormovies.Australia wins its first Oscar, with cinematographer Damien Parer honoured for Kokoda Front Line! documentary.Wally Walrus,Woody Woodpecker'sfirst steady foil, was debuted at theThe Beach Nut, aWalter Lantz'scartoon.The firstCannes Film Festivalis held, having been delayed seven years due to World War II.The popular Christmas filmIt's a Wonderful Lifeis first released inNew York, New York.Long-Haired Hare, starringBugs Bunny, is released in theaters.Walt Disney's 13thanimated film,Alice in Wonderland, premieres in London,England, United Kingdom.Broken Barrier film releasedThe United States barsCharlie Chaplinfrom re-entering the country after a trip to England.Warner Bros.premieres the first3-D filmfrom a major American studio, entitledHouse of Wax.ThefirstGodzillafilmis released and marks the first appearance of the characterof the same name.Film starJames Deandies in a road accident aged 24.Film:Vertigohas world premiere inSan Francisco.Italian film director Federico Fellini shoots La Dolce Vita, an episodic study of life along Via Veneto in Rome.The first eight brass star plaques are installed in theHollywood Walk of Fame.Dr. No, the first in theJames Bond film series, is released.Sergio Leone directs A Fistful of Dollars, the first of his three 'spaghetti westerns' starring Clint Eastwood.At theAcademy Awards,Sidney Poitierbecomes the firstAfrican-Americanmale to win theBest Actoraward for the 1963 filmLilies of the Field.Film criticRoger Ebertpublished his very first film review in theChicago Sun-Times.TheMotion Picture Association of America'sfilm rating systemis officially introduced, originating with the ratings G, M, R, and X.At the U.S.Academy Awardsthere is a tie for theAcademy Award for Best ActressbetweenKatharine HepburnandBarbra Streisand.ActorCharlie Chaplinreturns to the United States for the first time since being labeled acommunistduring theRed Scarein the early 1950s.George Lucasbegins writing the treatment forThe Star Wars.New Zealand Film Commission established.The Rocky Horror Picture Show, the longest-running release in film history, opens at the USA Theatre inWestwood, Los Angeles, California.Star Warsis released in theaters, inspiring theJediismreligion andGeek Pride Dayholiday.ThePG-13rating is introduced by theMPAA.La Historia Oficial film won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language FilmCrocodile Dundee is released in Australia.The Italian film Il Postino depicts poetry entering the life of a postman who delivers mail to the Chilean poet Pablo Neruda.The firstVirginia Rappemanslaughtertrial againstRoscoe "Fatty" Arbuckleends in ahung jury.TheHouse Un-American Activities Committeebegins its investigation intoCommunistinfiltration ofHollywood, resulting ina blacklistthat prevents some from working in the industry for years.Walt Disneytestifies before theHouse Un-American Activities Committee, naming Disney employees he believes to becommunists.Red Scare: The "Hollywood Ten" areblacklistedbyHollywoodmovie studios.William Kennedy Dicksonreceives apatentformotion picture film.Birth of Cai Wenji, a female poet and music composer.Birth of Cai Wenji, a female poet and music composer.Pear Garden, an Academy of Music that trained acting troupes.Cappella musicale di San Petronio founded in Bologna.Theorbo musical instrument invented in Florence.Premiere of Peri's opera Dafne in Florence.Monteverdi becomes maestro di cappella of St Mark's Basilica in Venice.Premiere of Francesca Caccini's opera La liberazione di Ruggiero in Florence.Performance of opera Didone in Naples.Accademia Filarmonica di Bologna founded in Bologna.Premiere of Alessandro Scarlatti's opera Pirro e Demetrio in Naples.Fortepiano musical instrument prototyped in Florence.The Philharmonic Society (Academia philharmonicorum) is established in Ljubljana.Vivaldi becomes concertmaster of Ospedale della Piet in Venice.The Loves of Mars and Venusis the firstballetperformed in England.George Frideric Handelcompletes his oratorioMessiahFirst performance ofWolfgang Amadeus Mozart's operaDie Entfhrung aus dem Serail.The oldest musical organization in the United States is founded as theStoughton Musical Society.Mozart's operaDon Giovannireceives its first performance inPrague.Wolfgang Amadeus Mozartcompletes hisSymphony No. 40 in G minor(K550).Peking operais born when the Four Great Anhui Troupes introduceAnhui operato Beijing in honor of theQianlong Emperor's eightieth birthday.La Fenice opera house built in Venice.Ludwig van Beethovenleads the premiere of hisFirst SymphonyinVienna.TheRoyal Opera Housein London opens.BeethovencomposesFr Elise.Sarah Boothdebuts at theRoyal Opera House.Premier ofBeethoven's Seventh Symphony.Accademia Filarmonica founded in Turin.Rossini'soperaThe Barber of Sevillepremieres at theTeatro ArgentinainRome.Premiere ofGiuseppe Verdi'sUn giorno di regnoatLa Scalaof Milan.TheParis Opera BalletpremieresGisellein theSalle Le PeletierFelix Mendelssohn'sViolin Concertoreceives its premire performance inLeipzigwithFerdinand Davidas soloist.Premiere of Verdi's opera Il corsaro in Trieste.The first performance ofRigolettobyGiuseppe Verditakes place inVenice.Giuseppe Verdi'soperaIl Trovatorereceives its premiere performance in Rome.First performance of theUnfinished SymphonybyFranz Schubert.The first performance ofDon CarlosbyGiuseppe Verditakes place inParis.Richard Wagner's operaDas Rheingoldpremieres inMunich.Georges Bizet's operaCarmenreceives its premire at theOpra-Comiquein Paris.Liceo e Societ Musicale Benedetto Marcello established in Venice.Tchaikovsky'sballetSwan Lakereceives its premire performance at theBolshoi TheatreinMoscow.Gilbert and Sullivan'scomic operaH.M.S. Pinaforeopens at theOpera ComiqueinLondon.John Philip Sousabecomes leader of theUnited States Marine Band.Premiere ofRichard Wagner's operaParsifalatBayreuth.TheMetropolitan Opera Housein New York City opens with a performance ofGounod'sFaust.Banjo Paterson published The Man from Snowy RiverThe operaHansel and GretelbyEngelbert Humperdinckis first performed."Waltzing Matilda" was first sung in public, in Winton, QueenslandCasa di Riposo per Musicisti founded in Milan.Madama Butterflyreceives its premire atLa ScalainMilan.Dorothea Mackellar publishes My CountryRichard Strauss's operaElektrareceives its debut performance at theDresden State Opera.Premiere performance ofGustav Mahler'sSymphony No. 8in Munich (with a chorus of 852 singers and an orchestra of 171 players. Mahler's rehearsal assistantconductorwasBruno Walter)Igor Stravinsky'sballetscoreThe Rite of Springreceives its premiere performance inParis, France, provoking a riot.Richard Straussconducts the first performance of histone poemEine Alpensinfoniein Berlin.TheOriginal Dixieland Jass Bandrecords the firstjazzrecord, for theVictor Talking Machine Companyin New York.George Gershwin'sRhapsody in Bluereceived its premiere in a concert titled "An Experiment in Modern Music," in Aeolian Hall, New York, byPaul Whitemanand his band, with Gershwin playing the piano.The phrase "Grand Ole Opry" is used for the first timeon-air.Joseph Szigetigives the first performance ofAlfredo Casella's Violin Concerto.The premier performance ofRavel'sBolrotakes place in Paris.The United States adoptsThe Star-Spangled Banneras itsnational anthem.TheArchbishop of Dubuque,Francis J. L. Beckman, denouncesswing musicas "a degenerated musical system turned loose to gnaw away at the moral fiber of young people", warning that it leads down a "primrose path tohell". His warning is widely ignored.Billie Holidayrecords the first civil rights song "Strange Fruit".The firstgold recordis presented toGlenn Millerfor "Chattanooga Choo Choo".Bing Crosby, theKen DarbySingers and the John Scott Trotter Orchestra recordIrving Berlin's"White Christmas", the best-sellingChristmassingle in history.Duke Ellingtonplays atCarnegie HallinNew York Cityfor the first time.TheMetropolitan Opera HouseinNew York Cityhosts ajazzconcert for the first time. The performers areLouis Armstrong,Benny Goodman,Lionel Hampton,Artie Shaw,Roy EldridgeandJack Teagarden.First public performance by National Orchestra.Igor Stravinskyconducted the premier of his American ballet,Orpheus, in New York City at New York City Center.Jackie Brenston, withIke Turnerand his band, records "Rocket 88", often cited as "thefirst rock and roll record", atSam Phillips' recording studios inMemphis, Tennessee.London'sRoyal Festival Hallopens with theFestival of Britain.Alan Freedpresents theMoondog Coronation Ball, the firstrock and rollconcert, inCleveland, Ohio.The first regularUK Singles Chartpublished by theNew Musical Express.Government of Pakistan approves the National Anthem, written by Abul Asar Hafeez Jullundhri and composed by Ahmed G. Chagla.Bill Haley & His Cometsrelease "Rock Around the Clock", the firstrock and rollrecord to reach number one on theBillboardcharts.Elvis Presleyrecords his first single, "That's All Right," atSun RecordsinMemphis, Tennessee.Elvis Presleymakes his radio debut when WHBQ Memphis played his first recording for Sun Records, "That's All Right."Elvis Presleymakes his first US television appearanceThe firstEurovision Song Contestis held inLugano,Switzerland.Elvis Presleyintroduces his new single, "Hound Dog", onThe Milton Berle Show, scandalizing the audience with his suggestive hip movements.TheMillion Dollar Quartet(Elvis Presley,Jerry Lee Lewis,Carl Perkins, andJohnny Cash) get together atSun Studiosfor the first and last time.The song "Wild One" makes Johnny O'Keefe the first Australian rock'n'roller to reach the national charts.Slim Dusty's Australian country music hit "A Pub with No Beer" becomes the first Australian song to attain international chart success.John LennonandPaul McCartneymeet for the first time, as teenagers at Woolton Fete, three years before forming the Beatles.TheBillboardHot 100is published for the first time.Art Kanephotographs 57 notable jazz musicians in the black and white group portrait "A Great Day in Harlem" in front of a Brownstone in New York City.Kind of BluebyMiles Davis, the much acclaimed and highly influential best sellingjazzrecording of all time, is released.American disc jockeyAlan Freed, who had popularized the term "rock and roll" and music of that style, is fired fromWABC-AMradio for refusing to deny allegations that he had participated in thepayolascandal.Paul McCartneyandPete Bestare arrested (and later deported) fromHamburg, Germany, after accusations of attempted arson.Motownreleases what would be its first #1 hit, "Please Mr. Postman" byThe Marvelettes.Highly influential artist,Bob Dylanreleases his first album,Bob Dylan, onColumbia Recordslabel.Leonard Bernsteincauses controversy with his remarks from the podium during aNew York PhilharmonicconcertfeaturingGlenn GouldperformingBrahms'First Piano Concerto.The Rolling Stonesperform their first concert, at theMarquee ClubinLondon, England, United Kingdom.The Beatles' first single, "Love Me Do" backed with "P.S. I Love You", is released in the United Kingdom.The Beatles' first album,Please Please Me, is released in theUnited Kingdom.The Beatles' "I Want to Hold Your Hand" and "I Saw Her Standing There" are released in the United States, marking the beginning of Beatlemania on an international level.The Beatleshave their first number one hit in the United States withI Want to Hold Your HandThe Beatlesmake their first appearance onThe Ed Sullivan Show, performing before a "record-busting" audience of 73 million viewers.The Beatlesoccupy the top five positions on theBillboardHot 100pop chart.The Beatles' 1964 world tour reach AustraliaBob Dylangoeselectricas he plugs in at theNewport Folk Festival, signaling a major change in folk and rock music.The Beatlesplay to nearly60,000 fans at Shea StadiuminNew York, New York, an event later regarded as the birth ofstadium rock.TheGrateful Dead's first concert performance under this new name.The Beatlesperform their last concert before paying fans atCandlestick ParkinSan Francisco.TheMetropolitan Opera Houseopens atLincoln Centerin New York City with the world premiere ofSamuel Barber's operaAntony and Cleopatra.The Supremesbecome the first all-femalemusicgroup to attain a No. 1 selling album (The Supremes A' Go-Go).The "ultimate high" of thehippieera, theMantra-Rock Dance, takes place inSan Franciscoand featuresJanis Joplin,Grateful Dead, andAllen Ginsberg.Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Bandbythe Beatlesis released.TheMonterey Pop FestivalbeginsJohnny Cashperforms liveatFolsom State PrisonThe Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus, featuringthe Rolling Stones,Jethro Tull,the Who,Taj Mahal,Marianne Faithfull, andthe Dirty MacwithYoko Ono, is filmed inWembley, London.MarinellareleasesStalia Stalia.The Beatles' last public performance, on the roof ofApple Recordsin London. The impromptu concert is broken up by the police.During their honeymoon,John LennonandYoko Onohold their firstBed-In for Peaceat the Amsterdam Hilton Hotel (until March 31).At azebra crossinginLondon, photographerIain Macmillantakes the photo that becomes the cover ofthe BeatlesalbumAbbey Road.Woodstockrock and roll concert opens.Abbey Road, the last recorded album byThe Beatles, is released.Paul McCartneyannounces that he is leavingThe Beatlesfor personal and professional reasons."The Long and Winding Road" becomesThe Beatles' last U.S. number one song.The firstGlastonbury Festivalis held atMichael Eavis's farm inGlastonbury, United Kingdom.Carole King'sTapestryalbum is released to become the longest charting album by a female solo artist and sell 24 million copies worldwide.After only three years in business, rock promoterBill Grahamcloses theFillmore Eastin New York, New York, the "Church of Rock and Roll".Elvis Presley's concertAloha from Hawaiiis broadcast live viasatellite, and sets the record as themost watched broadcastby an individual entertainer in television history.Summer Jam at Watkins Glen: Nearly 600,000 people attend arock festivalat theWatkins Glen InternationalRaceway."Advance Australia Fair" recognised as Australia's national song, but not as national anthem.The Swedish pop bandABBAwins theEurovision Song Contest 1974with the song "Waterloo", launching their international career.Punk Rock pioneers TheRamonesplay their first show in a local New York club namedCBGB.Elvis Presleyperforms the final concert of his life inIndianapolis, Indiana.Rock bandLynyrd Skynyrd's plane crashes.Registered unemployed reaches 25,000.Nambassa 3 day music and alternatives festival held in Waihi. Largest event of its kind in New Zealand.Englishrock groupLed Zeppelinofficially disbands, following the death of drummerJohn Bonhamon September 25.Simon & Garfunkelreunite for a free concert in New York's Central Park.Michael Jackson's second solo album,Thrilleris released worldwide. It will become thebest-selling record album in history.Queen Victoriaopens theGreat Exhibitionin London.Pop singerMichael Jacksonsuffers second degree burns to his scalp during the filming of aPepsicommercial in theShrine Auditorium.Agricultural exhibition held in Trieste.Tipper Goreand other political wives form theParents Music Resource CenterasFrank Zappaand other musicians testify atU.S. Congressional hearingson obscenity inrock music.TheWorld's Columbian Expositionopens in Chicago.TheRock and Roll Hall of Fameinducts its first members:Little Richard,Chuck Berry,James Brown,Ray Charles,Fats Domino, theEverly Brothers,Buddy Holly,Jerry Lee LewisandElvis Presley.To Nov. 30 - Sesqui-Centennial (in Philadelphia).PianistVladimir Horowitzperforms in his native Russia for the first time in 61 years.TheCentury of ProgressWorld's Fairopens inChicago,Illinois.Punk rock bandGreen Dayreleases their albumDookie, which would eventually sell over 20 million copies worldwide.To October 31 - Cent. Of Prog. Repeats.Anassassinationattempt is made onBob Marley. He is shot twice, but will play aconcertonly two days later.The1939-40 New York World's Fairopens.With aMusicians Unionban lifted, the first telecasts of classical music in theUnited States, underEugene OrmandyandArturo Toscanini, are given onCBSandNBC.TheSeattle World's Fair(Century 21 Exposition) opens. It is the firstWorld's Fairin the United States since World War II.American Bandstand, a show dedicated to the teenage "baby-boomers" by playing the songs and showing popular dances of the time, debuts on theABCtelevision network.The1964-1965 New York World's Fairopens for its first season.The Beatlesfirst arrive in the United States. Their performance onThe Ed Sullivan Showtwo days later would mark the beginning of theBritish Invasion.The1964-1965 New York World's Faircloses for its first season after a six-month run.The Sydney Opera House formally opened by Elizabeth IIThe19641965 New York World's Fairopens for its second and final season.Cold War: AmericanVan Cliburnwins the inauguralInternational Tchaikovsky Competitionin Moscow.The196465 New York World's Faircloses after a two-year run. More than 51 million people had attended the event.Deaths of rock and roll musiciansBuddy Holly,Ritchie Valens, andJ. P. "The Big Bopper" Richardson, in aplane crashnearClear Lake, Iowa.Expo 67officially opens inMontreal,Canadawith a large opening ceremony broadcast around the world. It opens to the public the next day.Meredith Hunteris killed byHells Angelsduring aRolling Stonesconcert at theAltamont SpeedwayinCalifornia.Montreal's World Fair,Expo 67, closes with over 50 million visitors.In Macon, Georgia, guitaristDuane Allmanis killed in a motorcycle accident.The1982 World's Fairopens inKnoxville, Tennessee.Al Jackson, Jr.(Booker T. & the M.G.'s), was shot fatally five times in the back in his own home.Louis Le Princefilms first motion picture:Roundhay Garden Scene.InCincinnati, Ohio, 11 fans aresuffocatedina crush for seatson the concourse outsideRiverfront Coliseumbefore aWhoconcert.Thomas Edisonfiles a patent for the Optical Phonograph (the first movie).ContraltoMarian Andersonbecomes the first person of color to perform at theMetropolitan OperainGiuseppe Verdi'sUn ballo in maschera.American inventorThomas Edisonshows his firstmotion picture.A fire consumes the wooden home of Norwegian composerGeirr Tveittand irretrievably destroys about 90 percent of his output.The first public display ofThomas Edison's prototypekinetoscope.Pop groupMilli Vanilliare stripped of theirGrammy Awardbecause the duo did not sing at all on theGirl You Know It's Truealbum.Session musicianshad provided all the vocals.Auguste and Louis Lumirerecord their first footage using their newly patentedcinematograph.Copyright: InNew York CitytheAmerican Society of Composers, Authors and Publishersis established to protect the copyrighted musical compositions of its members.BrothersAuguste and Louis Lumiredemonstrate moviefilmtechnology to scientists.Rock'N'Roll teen idolElvis Presleyis drafted in the U.S. Army.First public screening of a motion picture in New ZealandThirty-six top musicians gather in aNotting Hillstudio and recordBand Aid's "Do They Know It's Christmas" in order to raise money forfamine reliefinEthiopia."Electric Theatre", the first full-timemovie theaterin the United States, opens inLos Angeles,California.SupergroupUSA for Africa(United Support of Artists for Africa) records the hit singleWe Are the World, to help raise funds forEthiopianfamine relief.Периоды
Life of Basaveshwara, philosopher and social reformer. (to 1196)Development of the Classic Maori Material Culture including expansion of Maori settlement from coastal to inland areas, increase in horticulture and development of p?[clarification needed]Philosopher Immanuel Kant, based in KnigsbergPhilosopher Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel; his career is based in BerlinNickolas Balian, architect in Constantinople (to 1858)Philosopher Friedrich NietzscheMusician Richard Wagner, famous for his complex operas
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