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Created byBlwyddyn 6
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5th century
First mineshafts called adits created15th century
small coal mines being worked across Wales1750
The first pit ponies are used in a mine in Durham1760
Start of the industrial revolution leads to a great expansion in coal mining1816
the newly invented davy safety lamp was used for the first time it reduced the risk of explosions improving safety underground1842
Mines act of 1842 made it illegal for all women and girls to work underground. boys under 10 years old were also not allowed to work underground16th and 17th century
coal started being exported
from Swansea, Pembrokeshire
and flintshire this led to an
increase in production1860
Explosion at risca black vein colliery kills 146 men1861
coal workers from all over the world start to come to south wales and settle1873
south wales coal owners association was formed and started a pay scale for miners that was linked to world coal prices63 people killed at dinas colliery1898
the south wales miners federation was formed1910
Electric lamps are gradually introduced underground
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Pit owners accused miners at the ely pit in penygraig
if not working fast enough. Miners went on strike.
replacement workers were brought in leading to the
tonypandy riots.1913
620 mines across britain produced 287 million tons of coal
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Miners start taking caged canaries into mines to alert them
to the presence of poisonous gas.
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Explosion at universal colliery in senghenydd near
caerphilly killed 439 miners- the worst mining accident in
history.1914-1918
Mines taken over by the government
to support britaing during world war
one1920
271,000 men working in coal mines in wales,
but demand for coal is falling.1921-1926
Prime minister, david lloyd george puts the
mining industry back in the hands of private
owners who cut wages and increase working
hours. miners told to accept new conditions
or lose their jobs, causing many strikes
and dusputes1924
65,000 pit ponies employed underground in british collieries1925
pithead baths and canteens came into general use in british collieries.1933
the great depression. mining industry
starts to collapse due to competition
from other coal-producing countries1939-1945
world war two. coal from wales became more
important to the war effort after coal mining
areas in france and belgium are taken by
germany. mining is made a reserved occupation
which means that all miners could not join the
forces1944
100,000 welsh miners went on strike over a
dispute about wages1945
national union of minerworkers is formed
to protect miners pay and working
conditions1947
national cal board was created to run the coal industry
'on behalf of the people'1957
britain producing cheapest coal in europe1960
increasing demand for less pollution and cheaper
fuel starts the beginning of a gradual decline
in the use of coal1966
the aberfan disaster. 144 people including 116
children are killed when a coal spoil heap
slides down a mountainside into the village
of aberfan1984-1985
the government decides to close down the mining
industry in wales and the rest of the uk
because it no longer makes a profit. miners go
on strike to try to prevent mines closing1986
coal mine canaries phased out.1995
coal miners buy the tower colliery in the cynon
valley to keep the mine open.1999
last working pit ponies retired from a colliery
in pantygasseg, south wales.2008
tower colliery the last deep coal mine in south
wales, closes.2015
kellingley colliery the last deep coal mine in
britain, closes.
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