Virus Timeline - Лента времени

Invention of the Chamberland Filter The porcelain filter was developed by Charles Chamberland, a French microbiologist who worked in collaboration with Louis Pasteur. It had pores the sizes of 100-1000 nm and was capable of removing any bacteria or other known cells at the time from a liquid suspension. This simple invention prompted the discovery of the first virus. Sources - Date accessed: https://rybicki.blog/tag/chamberland-filter/ - 27/09/2018

Discovery of the First Virus Dmitri Ivanovski discovered the first virus in Russia. He discovered the virus through a study on the tobacco mosaic disease using a Chamberland filter and found out that it was caused by an extremely small infectious agent that was able to pass through the filter, which is something a bacteria could never do. He recorded his findings in an article but never named the organisms. Sources - Date accessed: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Dmitry-Ivanovsky - 27/09/2018

Martinus Beijerinck, a Dutch microbiologist repeated Adolf Mayer's experiments and observed the infectious agent Ivanovski studied and called it a contagium vivum fluidum (contagious living fluid) and named it a "virus". Beijerinck and Ivanovski are both considered to be the founders of virology. Sources - Date accessed: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_virology - 27/09/2018

Tobacco Mosaic Disease Adolf Mayer's work on the tobacco mosaic disease played an important role in the discovery of viruses. He studied the disease that was affecting tobacco plants and published a paper on it. However, he didn't come up with the concept of a virus and instead thought it was some sort of bacteria. Source - Date accessed: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Mayer - 28/09/2018

The First Animal Virus The first animal virus (foot and mouth disease virus) was discovered by Friedrich Loeffler and Paul Frosch. They also proved that cows and sheep can be vaccinated against the virus. Sources - Date accessed: https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/site/rnd-systems-viral-poster.png - 28/09/2018

The First Human Virus The first human virus was what caused the yellow fever. The yellow fever was a deadly disease that was transmitted through the bite of an Aedes aegyptii mosquito. The virus was discovered and reported by Walter Reed. Sources - Date accessed: https://rybicki.blog/2012/02/06/a-short-history-of-the-discovery-of-viruses-part-1/ - 28/09/2018 https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/site/rnd-systems-viral-poster.png - 28/09/2018

Rous Sarcoma Virus Peyton Rous discovered the virus that could cause sarcoma (cancer) in chickens. RSV could hae helped lots of people as it could be used to study the development of cancer on a molecular scale. Sources - Date accessed: https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/site/rnd-systems-viral-poster.png - 28/09/2018 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rous_sarcoma_virus - 28/09/2018

Cottontail Rabbit Papillomavirus Cottontail rabbit papillomavirus, also known as Shope papilloma viruswas discovered by Richard Shope. This virus causes skin tumours and warts on infected rabbits. Sources - Date accessed: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/shope-papilloma-virus - 28/09/2018 https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/site/rnd-systems-viral-poster.png - 28/09/2018

Mouse Mammary Tumour Virus John Bittnerreported an infectious agent that later became known as mouse mammary tumour virus. Sources - Date accessed: https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/site/rnd-systems-viral-poster.png - 30/09/2018

Murine Leukemia Virus Ludwik Gross identifies the first murine leukemia virus. The virus infects mice and is capable of causing cancer in the host. Sources - Date accessed: https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/site/rnd-systems-viral-poster.png - 30/09/2018 https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Murine_Leukemia_Virus_(MuLV) - 30/09/2018

Ebola Virus Disease Peter Piot discovered the Ebola virus, the first known outbreaks occurred in South Sudan and in the Democratic Republic of Congo. This disease is caused by ebolaviruses and spreads through direct contact with body fluids like blood. Fruits bats are also a carrier of this virus, are able to spread it but not get affected. Sources - Date accessed: https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/site/rnd-systems-viral-poster.png - 30/09/2018 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Piot - 30/09/2018

First Human Retrovirus Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1) was discovered by Robert Gallo in the US. This virus affects T cells, a white type of blood cell, but generally the virus doesn't cause any signs or symptoms. Sources - Date accessed: https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/site/rnd-systems-viral-poster.png - 30/09/2018 https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/9645/human-t-cell-leukemia-virus-type-1 - 30/09/2018