19 июл 1948 г. - Operation Danny

Описание:

Operation Danny was a major Israeli military campaign during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, launched on July 9-19, right after the first truce. Its primary aim was to secure key territories east of Tel Aviv and enhance the connectivity and relief efforts to Jerusalem. The operation saw the participation of approximately 6,000 Israeli soldiers under the leadership of Yigal Allon, with Yitzhak Rabin as his deputy.

The operation was named after Palmach officer Daniel "Dani" Mass, who died in early 1948. The campaign involved several key objectives:

First Phase: Capture of Lydda and Ramle - These cities were strategic as they were major obstacles on the route to Jerusalem, hindering Jewish transportation. The swift capture of these towns resulted in significant control over critical infrastructure like the Lydda airport and the railway station in Ramle. This led to the displacement of a large number of the towns' inhabitants.

Second Phase: Capture of Latrun and advance towards Ramallah - This phase was less successful, particularly at Latrun, where Israeli forces faced stiff resistance from the Jordanian Arab Legion. Despite multiple assaults, the Israelis failed to capture Latrun, and the operation faced the threat of a UN-imposed ceasefire.

During Operation Danny, Israeli forces captured several Palestinian Arab villages, leading to various outcomes including depopulation and destruction in many cases. Key villages and their fates included:

Dayr Tarif and Jimzu: Captured with the defending forces overwhelmed by Israeli armored and infantry units.

Lydda and Ramle: Captured by the Yiftach Brigade, resulting in a significant displacement of the local Arab population.

Latrun: Despite repeated assaults, remained under Arab Legion control.

Majdal Yaba: Captured from Iraqi army control.
Salbit and Bayt Nabala: Saw engagements with the Arab Legion but were eventually captured.
The operation resulted in significant casualties, with the Palmach recording the deaths of 91 of its members. The battle at Khirbet Kurikur on July 18 was particularly deadly, with 44 Israeli soldiers killed.

The capture of these areas during Operation Danny played a crucial role in altering the demographics and control of the region, contributing to the broader impacts of the 1948 war, including the Palestinian refugee problem.

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