28 окт 1009 г. - Destruction of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre

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On 28 September 1009, under orders from Fatimid Caliph Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, known for his extreme policies, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem was destroyed, along with other Christian and Jewish religious sites. This act was part of a broader campaign of religious intolerance that included restrictions on Christian ceremonies and desecrations of Jewish synagogues. The destruction was part of a pattern of persecution against non-Muslims during Al-Hakim's reign, which included forced wearing of identifying symbols by Christians and Jews.

The Church, a significant Christian pilgrimage site believed to be the location of Jesus' crucifixion and resurrection, was demolished down to its foundations, including the rock-cut tomb. Despite using iron hammers and fire, the perpetrators were unable to completely erase its vestiges. This event provoked a strong reaction in Europe, leading to calls for a holy war and contributing to the motivations behind the Crusades almost a century later. Al-Hakim's son eventually permitted the Byzantines to rebuild the church between 1027 and 1048.

The motivations behind Al-Hakim's actions are debated among historians. Some suggest it was to assert Islamic dominance or retaliate against Byzantine hostilities, while others believe it was due to personal or religious convictions, or mental instability. His reign is noted for its controversial and erratic decrees and has left a lasting impression on both historical and religious narratives.

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