1 окт 164 г. до нашей эры - Battle of Beth Zur

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The Battle of Beth Zur occurred in October 164 BC during the Maccabean Revolt, with Judas Maccabeus leading the Maccabees against a Seleucid Greek army commanded by Regent Lysias. While the exact outcome is disputed, the Maccabees are traditionally considered the victors. This battle was significant as it coincided with news of Seleucid King Antiochus IV Epiphanes's death, prompting Lysias to withdraw the Seleucid army to handle the leadership transition in the capital. The Maccabees subsequently seized Jerusalem, marking a crucial moment in their revolt.

Primary sources such as 1 Maccabees, 2 Maccabees, and Josephus's Antiquities of the Jews offer differing accounts of the battle's timing and significance. Nonetheless, historians generally credit the Maccabees with repelling the Seleucid forces, leading to the eventual liberation of Judea.

Background: After Antiochus IV's departure for an expedition to the eastern satrapies, Lysias assumed regency in Antioch. Negotiations between Lysias and the Maccabees during the fall and winter of 165 BC and early 164 BC failed, prompting Lysias to marshal forces to restore order in Judea.

Battle: Little is known about the details of the battle, but it is believed that the Maccabees engaged in hit-and-run raids, inflicting casualties on the Seleucid forces.

Aftermath: The victory at Beth Zur compelled Lysias to return to Antioch to replenish his forces after sustaining heavy losses. While the exact impact of the battle remains debated, it contributed to the Maccabean cause by weakening Seleucid authority in Judea and paving the way for the eventual liberation of Jerusalem.

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