1 янв 1239 г. - Battle at Gaza

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The Battle at Gaza during the Barons' Crusade saw the Crusader army led by Theobald I of Navarre defeated by the Egyptian Ayyubids.

Background: Prompted by Pope Gregory IX's call, the French Crusader army, reinforced by contingents from the Kingdom of Jerusalem, gathered in Acre after the expiration of the peace treaty between Emperor Frederick II and the Ayyubid sultan al-Kamil. The Crusaders aimed to rebuild the fortress at Ascalon and secure the southern flank of the kingdom against Egyptian threats.

Expedition to Gaza: On November 12, a faction of commanders, including Amaury of Montfort and Henry of Bar, ventured ahead of the main army to attack the Egyptians near Gaza. Disregarding Theobald's warnings, they pressed forward and camped in enemy territory, lacking proper security measures.

The Battle: The Crusaders, now isolated, faced the Egyptians in battle. Despite initial resistance, they fell into an Egyptian trap when the enemy feigned retreat, luring the Crusaders into a narrow passage where they were surrounded and many were killed or captured, including Henry of Bar.

Aftermath: When the main army arrived in Ascalon, they learned of the dire situation at Gaza. Led by the Teutonic Knights, they advanced toward Gaza, prompting the Egyptian army to retreat. The Crusade concluded with an exchange of prisoners in 1241, marking the end of the Barons' Crusade.

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