17 ноя 1917 г. - Battle of Jerusalem

Описание:

The Battle of Jerusalem, taking place from November 17 to December 30, 1917, was a pivotal moment in the British Empire's Jerusalem Operations during World War I. This offensive aimed to capture Jerusalem as the final objective of the Southern Palestine Offensive in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign. Prior to securing Jerusalem, the British recognized two significant battles in the Judean Hills along the Hebron–Junction Station line: the Battle of Nebi Samwill (November 17-24) and the Defence of Jerusalem (December 26-30). Additionally, the Battle of Jaffa on December 21-22 marked a critical point, although Jaffa had already fallen as a result of the Battle of Mughar Ridge on November 16.

These series of battles saw the British Empire's XX Corps, XXI Corps, and the Desert Mounted Corps successfully engage the Ottoman Empire's Yildirim Army Group's Seventh Army in the hills and the Eighth Army north of Jaffa on the coast. The fall of both Jaffa and Jerusalem, along with significant territorial losses, dealt a heavy blow to the Ottomans, signifying a crucial British victory.

The strategic consequence of these battles established a fortified British line stretching from north of Jaffa across the Judean Hills to Bireh and beyond the Mount of Olives. This new defensive alignment included control over the road from Beersheba to Jerusalem via Hebron and Bethlehem, securing substantial Ottoman territory south of Jerusalem. On December 11, General Edmund Allenby symbolically entered Jerusalem on foot through the Jaffa Gate to show respect for the holy city, marking the first Christian to control Jerusalem in centuries and delivering a significant morale boost to the British Empire.

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