29 май 1787 г. - The Constitutional Convention: Virginia Plan and New Jersey Plan

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The delegates at first discussed the idea of a three-part government with separation power (division of power into executive, legislative, and judicial branches). First, the delegates elected George Washington as presiding officer and then had all the procedures run under secrecy. The Virginia delegates were trying to establish a strong national government and proposed a plan, the Virginia Plan, written by James Madison to replace the Articles of Confederation. This was intended for a national government with three branches. Under this plan, the new government would have a bicameral legislature rather than a unicameral one established on the Articles of Confederation. This would give more delegates and influence to the populous states compared to the less populated states.

After the idea of the Virginia Plan, there were some disagreements and arguments on this plan. Later, an alternative to the Virginia Plan was introduced, known as the New Jersey Plan. This called for a less powerful government where all states had equal representation. This plan was accepted and welcomed by smaller states, however, after discussing this, the convention decided to reject this plan and returned to the discussion of the Virginia Plan.

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