22 май 1989 г. - Amazon founded

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ARPANET: A decentralized computer network developed in the late 1960s by the U.S. Department of Defense in conjunction with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The Internet grew out of the ARPANET.

The technological advances of the 1980s and 1990s changed the character of everyday life for millions of Americans, linking them with a global information and media environment unprecedented in world history. New communications systems — satellites, fiber-optic cables, global positioning networks — were shrinking the world’s physical spaces to a degree unimaginable at the beginning of the twentieth century. Not since television was introduced to American homes in the years following World War II had technology so profoundly changed the way people lived their lives. Personal computers, cell phones and smartphones, the Internet, social media, and streaming media have since the 1990s altered work, leisure, and access to knowledge irreversibly. Like unimpeded trade, these technological advances affirmed and accelerated the globalization process.

During the 1990s, personal computers, which had emerged in the late 1970s, became the center of a massive social and consumer shift with the spread of the Internet. Like the computer itself, the Internet was the product of military-based research. During the late 1960s, the U.S. Department of Defense, in conjunction with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, began developing a decentralized computer network, the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET). The Internet, which grew out of the ARPANET, was soon used by government scientists, academic specialists, and military contractors to exchange data, information, and electronic mail (soon dubbed “e-mail”). By the 1980s, the Internet had spread to universities, businesses, and tech-savvy members of the general public. The debut in 1991 of the graphics-based World Wide Web — a collection of servers that allowed access to millions of documents, pictures, and other materials — enhanced the popular appeal and commercial possibilities of the Internet. Taking advantage of those possibilities, Amazon, now the world’s largest retailer, developed entirely within a digital, web-based world beginning with its founding in 1994. Five years later, the company had passed half a billion dollars in global sales and its founder, Jeff Bezos, was named Time magazine’s “Person of the Year.” By 2015, 86 percent of all Americans and more than three billion people worldwide — almost half the world’s population — used the Internet to send messages, view information, and buy and sell products and services.

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