1 янв 1863 г. - Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation

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It was a presidential proclamation and executive order issued by President Abraham Lincoln. It changed the federal legal status of more than 3 million enslaved people in the designated areas of the South from slave to free. As soon as a slave escaped the control of the Confederate government, by running away or through advances of federal troops, the slave became legally free. Ultimately, the rebel surrender liberated and resulted in the proclamation's application to all of the designated slaves. It did not cover slaves in Union areas that were freed by state action.

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