9 ноя 1789 г. - Bentham

Описание:

“Nature has placed man under the governance of two masters, pain and pleasure. It is for them to tell us what we ought to do, therefore, we shall do.

• Then the principle of utility comes into picture; to approve or disapprove every action with a value in itself to increase or decrease
the happiness of the party (community) whose interest (sum of interests of members of the community) is in question.

• What is the measure of pleasure and pain? For the personal pleasure; (1) intensity, (2) duration, (3) certainty, (4) propinquity, (5)
tendency to be followed by other pleasures, (6) purity (freedom from pain) are the criteria for the measure. For the community it follows;
(7) the extent (the number of persons to share the pleasure).