1 янв 1803 г. - John Dalton

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Dalton proposed the modern atomic theory based on the assumptions that:
1. Matter is made up of atoms that are indivisible and indestructible.

2. All atoms of an element are identical.

3. Atoms of different elements have different weights and different chemical properties.

4. Atoms of different elements combine in simple whole numbers to form compounds.

5. Atoms cannot be created or destroyed. When a compound decomposes, the atoms are recovered unchanged.

Dalton also made the law of partial pressures and the origins of stoichiometery,

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