1 ч 2 мин, 24 окт 1648 г. - Peace of Westphalia

Описание:

The Peace of Westphalia ended the bloodiest and longest conflict in the world up till that point outside of China. Although legally, no one won the complex, bloody and multisided 30 years war. Although initially a religious struggle between catholic and protestants within the decentralized, complex and sprawling holy roman empire, it moved towards a struggle between the established Spanish and Holy Roman and the rising Swedish Empires. By 1648, the Spaniards and the Catholic germans were badly exhausted, and were forced to make a number of concessions to the French and Swedish. Perhaps the most important result of the Peace of Westphalia was the Treaty of Münster, which granted the Republic of the Netherlands independence from Spain, cementing the status it had de facto held since 1600. The ascendancy of protestantism in Europe began with the Peace of Westphalia.