1 янв 1898 г. - Ernest Rutherford

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He was a New Zealand-born British physicist who came to be known as the father of nuclear physics. He used the gold foil experiment to discover the modern model of an atom. He concluded that all positive charges were centralized, while negative electrons orbited the nucleus.
Rutherford’s discovery of the nucleus meant the atomic model needed a rethink.
He proposed a model where the electrons orbit the positively charged nucleus. While this was an improvement on Thomson’s model, it didn’t explain what kept the electrons orbiting instead of simply spiralling into the nucleus.
Rutherford overturned Thomson's model in 1911 with his well-known gold foil experiment.

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