1 янв 1909 г. - Rutherford

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Nuclear model of the atom in which: a very small positively charged nucleus containing most of the mass of the atom; a very large volume around the nucleus in which electrons move; a nucleus containing positively charged protons; a number of protons equal to the number of electrons. He later postulated the existence of a neutral particle in the nucleus to make up for the calculated mass deficiency in the atoms studied.

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